Ethics top 1

• Moral standards involve the rules people have about thee kinds of actions they believe are morally right and wrong
• This refer to rules that are unrelaated to moral or ethical considerations

  Non-moral standards
• examples of non-moral standards include rules of etiquette, fashion standards, rules in games
• in the extent society, such non-mora standards are importantt in determining levels of intelligence, personality types, work performance, aptitudes and physical attributes.
• universalizability is an extention of the principle of consistency, that is, one ought to be consistent about one’s value judgments
• Prescriptivity indicates the practical or action guiding nature of moral standards.
• situations that prod us to make a difficult choice, to look deeper into pout selves before we decide or consider what possible outcome our choice and actions will have

  Dilemma
• a context of moral philosophy in which we are to make a choice between 2 options, where neither one completely resolves a situation

  moral dilemma
• These are characterized by cconflict for even if there are 2 possible actions that can be done, doing both actions is not possible

  Moral dilemma
• moral dilemmas at this level involve the social, political, legal and economic systems tha aarre in place at a given time.

  systemic or sructural level
• this involves moral dilemmas in relation to particular groups, institutions, or professions and its impact on the choices and actions of its members

  organizational level
• this include dilemmas concerning individual decisions, behavior or character when such is influenced by peer pressure, personal financial position andd economic status.

  individual level
• in this level, difficulties in making choicees are heavily influenced by the person‘s culture, beliefs, and values

  individual level
• it is the system through which we determine right and wrong conduct

  morality
• it is the philosophical study of morality

  ethics
• ethics is also known as moral philosophy
• beliefs refer to the seet of values, rules, principles, and theories of orality that guides our actions, define our values and giv us reasons for being.
• morality pertains to beliefs about right and wrong, good and evil.
• morality seems to be used in 2 distinct broad senses

  1. descriptively
  2. normatively
• to refer to certain oddes of conduct put forward by ssociety or a group

  descriptively
• to refer to a code of conduct, that given specified conditions, would be put forward by all rational people.

  normatively
• 2 foundation of moraliy

  1. freedom
  2. responsibility
• it is important to existence because it allows us to develop our morality

  freedom
• it is not about seeing that doing what you want is right but the strength to what is right

  moral freedom
• according to vaughn (2008) to not excercise freedom has the following drawbacks.

  1. it deprives the person the right to make a choice
  2. his responses to moral dilemmas will be incomplete
  3. it deprives the person of intellectual moral growth.
• Responsibility is accountability for the task o duty that we are required or expected to do
• according to him, responsibility is the price of freedom and freedom cannot be separated from responsibility

  elbert hubbard