Carbon cycle

• The residence time of carbon in the atmosphere is approximately 6 years.
• The percentage of all released carbon due to changes in land use is 10%.
• Undisturbed forestry is carbon neutral, as any decomposition and its slow release of CO2 are compensated through the growth of new vegetation.
• Carbonation is a form of chemical weathering where atmospheric CO2 combines with water vapour to produce carbonic acid, which reacts with rocks containing calcium carbonate
• The solubility cycle in oceans is the process by which CO2 absorbed from the atmosphere forms carbonic acid, which reacts to form bicarbonates and carbonates, some of which organisms use to make shells or skeletons.
• Globally, the cement industry contributes around 7.5% of total anthropogenic CO2 emissions.
• Extractive industries are responsible for half of the Earth's carbon emissions.
• Oceans absorb more carbon than they emit, with a net gain of 0.6 gigatonnes of carbon (GtC) yr-1.
• A hydrocarbon is an organic compound consisting entirely of hydrogen and carbon, often found as fossil fuels such as oil, coal, and natural gas.