Programme for handicap/street child/care of motherless baby

• The term "handicap" refers to a disadvantage resulting from an impairment or disability that limits or prevents the fulfillment of a normal role for an individual
• Disability is now considered the umbrella term for impairments, activity limitations, and participation restrictions
• Programs for the disabled exist to address challenges and obstacles faced by individuals with disabilities in daily life
• Equal Opportunities and Inclusion:

  • Disability programs aim to create an inclusive society by providing equal opportunities for people with disabilities
  • These programs work towards breaking down barriers in education, employment, and community activities
• Accessibility:

  • Programs aim to make environments, technologies, and services more accessible for individuals with disabilities
  • Ensuring equal participation in daily activities
• Education and Skill Development:

  • Disability programs focus on providing specialized education and skill development opportunities tailored to individual needs
• Employment Opportunities:

  • Disability programs work to create inclusive workplaces and provide vocational training, job placement services, and accommodations for individuals with disabilities
• Health and Rehabilitation:

  • Some programs focus on healthcare, rehabilitation, and support services to improve the overall well-being of individuals with disabilities
• Advocacy and Rights Protection:

  • Disability programs involve advocacy efforts to promote the rights and interests of individuals with disabilities
  • Raising awareness and influencing policy changes
• Social Support and Community Integration:

  • Programs aim to provide social support and facilitate community integration for individuals with disabilities
• Technology and Innovation:

  • Focus on the development and implementation of assistive technologies to enhance independence and quality of life for individuals with disabilities
• Various programs and initiatives globally support people with disabilities to enhance their quality of life, inclusion, and equal opportunities
• Education Programs:

  • Inclusive Education: Providing education alongside non-disabled peers with specialized support services
  • Special Education Services: Catering to the unique needs of students with disabilities
• Employment and Vocational Programs:

  • Vocational Rehabilitation Services: Assisting in preparing for, securing, and maintaining employment
  • Supported Employment: Providing support, job coaches, and workplace accommodations for success
• Financial Assistance Programs:

  • Providing support for various expenses, including medical costs, living expenses, and vocational support
• Housing Programs:

  • Initiatives focusing on making housing accessible and accommodating for people with disabilities
• Transportation Services:

  • Including accessible features in public transportation systems and specialized transportation options for individuals with disabilities
• Recreation and Leisure Programs:

  • Adaptive sports, art, creativity programs, and specialized camps for individuals with disabilities
• Healthcare Services:

  • Rehabilitation services, Medicaid, Medicare, and mental health support for individuals with disabilities
• Community Support Programs:

  • Community centers, support groups, vocational rehabilitation services, and day habilitation programs for individuals with disabilities
• Legal Aid Services:

  • Legal assistance programs, protection and advocacy organizations, and disability rights centers providing legal aid and support for individuals with disabilities
• A child is any person less than or under 18 years of age
• UN Declaration of the Rights of the Child includes:

  • Right to develop in an atmosphere of affection and security
  • Right to enjoy social security, nutrition, housing, and medical care
  • Right to free education
  • Right to play and recreation
  • Right to be among the first to receive protection in disasters
  • Right to a name and nationality
  • Right to special care if handicapped
  • Right to develop in a healthy and normal manner
  • Right to be brought up in understanding, tolerance, friendship, peace, and brotherhood
  • Rights regardless of race, color, sex, religion, national or social origin
• Children's Day:

  • Universal Children's Day is on November 14
  • National Children's Day in Nigeria is on May 27
• Children in difficult circumstances include:

  • Homeless children
  • Orphaned or abandoned children
  • Children separated from parents
  • Migrant/refugee children
  • Street children
  • Working children
  • Trafficked children
  • Children in prostitution
  • Children of sex workers/prostitutes
  • Children of prisoners
  • The girl child
  • Children with HIV/AIDS
  • Children affected by conflict
• Street children:

  • Defined by UNESCO as children in unusual locations without purpose
  • Estimated over 100 million globally
  • Major contributing factors: poverty, abuse, broken homes, wars, disasters
  • Risks include TB, malnutrition, HIV/AIDS, STDs, parasitic infestations, drug abuse, prostitution, criminal exploitation
• Types of street children according to UNICEF:

  • Children in the street
  • Children who work in the street
  • Children from street families
• WHO Classification of Street Children:

  • Children who live on the streets
  • Children who have left their families and reside elsewhere
  • Children in protection centers or orphanages at risk of homelessness
  • Children with weak family relations forced to spend nights outside
• Care of street children involves:

  • Identifying the cause and type
  • Social, mental, and medical care including treatment, institutionalization, and rehabilitation
  • Primary care: immunization, health education
  • Secondary care: treatment of ailments, screening
  • Tertiary care: rehabilitation, vocational, medical, social, psychological
• Motherless babies are those whose mothers have died or do not live with them
• An orphan is a child who has no parents - died, lost custody, or permanently abandoned
• Types of rehabilitation include: Medical, Vocational, Social, and Psychological rehabilitation
• Medical rehabilitation focuses on the restoration of function
• Vocational rehabilitation focuses on the restoration of the capacity to earn a livelihood
• Social rehabilitation focuses on the restoration of family and social relationships
• Psychological rehabilitation focuses on the restoration of personal dignity and confidence
• People who require rehabilitation can be physically or mentally disabled, aged, destitute, drug addicts, refugees, street children, orphans, vulnerable children, people with psychiatric problems, and people living with AIDS
• Maternal deprivation is when a child is deprived of normal maternal care
• Causes of maternal deprivation include institutionalization, mother-child separation, multiple mothering, and distortion of quality of care
• Options of care for motherless babies include institutional care, foster care (kinship or non-kinship), care within the extended family with or without supervision, and adoption