MODULE 1 (UTS)

• The Self of Thoughts, Feelings and Behaviors
• To understand the self as a holistic being
• DANIEL KAHNEMAN'S TWO THINKING SYTEM

  
  

  SYSTEM 1: FAST, EFFORTLESS

  SYSTEM 2: SLOW, EFFORTFUL, LOGICAL
• Both systems have respective functions
• The CRT mathematical test has shown that intuition is a dominant force in the minds of medical students. SYSTEM 1
• Psychology researchers have found that the more complex a task is, the more likely people are to engage in SYSTEM 2 decision making.
• One interesting experiment, performed by Alter et al., found that simply decreasing the legibility of the font used in a common cognitive test made people more likely to switch to System 2
• COGNITIVE BIASES - some beliefs might not be based on evidence but we still consider them truth
• PEAK END RULE - People judge an experience largely based on how they felt at its PEAK and its END.

  -a cognitive bias that changes the way individuals recall past events and memories
• REPRESENTATIVENESS - when people are asked to judge the probability that an object or event belongs to a category

  assumption that any object (or person) sharing characteristics with the members of a particular category
• ANCHORING AND ADJUSTMENT- In making judgments under uncertainty, people start with a certain reference point (anchor), then adjust it insufficiently to reach a final conclusion.
• ANCHOR - based on the given reference point

  ADJUST the anchor (either higher or lower)
• Bronfenbrenner

  -American Psychologist

  -Urie Bronfenbrenner (full name)

  -His theory focuses on the quality and context of child's environment

  -formulated Ecological system theory
• The model suggests the interactions between the individual and their environment.

  organizes contexts of development into five levels of external influence.

  levels are categorized from the most intimate level to the broades t

  
• Ecological Systems Theory

  Microsystem

  Mesosystem

  Exosystem

  Macrosystem

  Chronosystem
• Microsystem - smallest and immediate environment

  • this environment envolved children, parents, teachers and classmates
  • How these groups or individuals interact will affect the children how they grow
• Mesosystem - the interaction of the different microsystems which children find themselves in.
• Exosytem - pertains to the linkages that may exist between two or more setting.

  • does not interact directly to the children but they still have an impact to their lives.
• Macrosystem - largest and most distant collection of people

  • composed of children cultural pattern, values and beliefs.
• Chronosystem - made up of environmental events and transitions

  • include sociohistorical events.
• Papua new guinea - says that facial expression is universal
• Microexpression - When you said you are not depressed but later on you will suicide
• Paul Ekman - he has clinical practice which is depression
• Antecedent - cause and trigger
• Physiological - biological reaction role of the nervous system
• Behavioral - expression and response
• Cognitive -interpretation of an event
• Adrenaline - increase heart rate
• Dopamine - the feeling of pleasure and addiction
• Noradrenaline - affects attention
• Serotonine - contributes to well being
• Gaba - includes calming
• Glutamate -involve learning and memory
• Endorphins - released during exercises
• emotion theory

  James Lange Theory

  Stimulus

  Physiological

  Emotional

  Cannon-Bard Theory

  stimulus

  Physiological and emotional

  Schachter-singer theory

  Stimulus, Physiological, cognitive, emotional