Chemistry 2

• Jonh dalton's book where he made two assertions

  A New System of Chemical Philosophy
• Rutherford atomic model is also called 


  Nuclear atom or The planetary model of the atom
• 4 Properties of Rutherford's Atomic Model:

  The atom consisted of mostly empty space
• An atom is made up of what three particles


  Electrons, Protons, Neutrons
• What compound are those in which the elements share electrons via covalent bonds

  Molecular Compounds or Covalent Compounds
• Atom is the basic building block of matter
• The word atom was derived from Tomoz(atomas)
• Tomoz (atomos) means indivisible or something that cannot be divided further
• Lightweight negatively charged particles called electrons
• The nucleus is made up of protons and neutrons
• Positively charged particles called Protons
• Neutrons are neutral particles
• Protons and Neutrons is made up of even smaller particles called Quarks
• Electons are smallest and lightest of the particles in an atom
• A Kind of invisible force field is called Electrostatic field
• Protons are muck larger and heavier than electrons
• Neutron was discovered in 1982 by English physicist James Chadwick
• Free Neutrons undergo beta decay with a half life of about 10 minutes
• Beginnig with Democritus


  who lived during the late 5th and early 4th
• British Chemist John Dalton at the beginning of the 19th century
• British physicist Ernest Rutherford that proposed the Rutherford atomic model
• Rutherford atomic model has been alternatively called as Nuclear atom or The planetary model of atom
• Danish dcienfist Niels Bohr that intoduced a model of atom in 1913
• Molecule is a definite group of atoms taht are chemically bonded together
• Molecular formular is a chemical formula that give the exact number of differenf types of atoms in molecule
• Structural Formula is a chemical formula which shows how the atoms are bonded to one another to form a molecule
• A binary molecular compound is composed of only two elements
• Enthalpy of fusion is the amount of energy needed at constant pressure to melt one mole of solid substance
• Enthalpy of vaporization is the amount of energy at constant pressure required to vaporize one mole of a liquid
• Nonmetals may combine in a variaty of ratios
• One particle of water is called molecule
• Water molecule consist of three atoms

  one oxygen atom and two hydrogen atoms
• Negatively charged electrons can be found in the Electron Cloud
• Specific heat is the amount lf energy required to change the temperature of a substances
• Surface Tension is the force by which the molecules of a liquid stay close together at surface to form the smallet posible are
• A mol is an expression of the molar weight of a molecule
• Water exist in three phases: solid liquid gas
• Density of a substance means the weight in kilogram of a cubic meter of a substance
• The changes from liquid to solid to gas are called phase changes
• Polarity determines if a substance is water soluble