Exam 2

• Free nerve endings transmit information about heat, cold, and pain. They are found underneath the outer layer of skin, within the epidermis.
• Merkel discs transmit information fine touch and fine pressure. They are found in the layer between the epidermis and the dermis. They have small, sharp receptive borders and are slow to adapt.
• Meissner corpuscles transmit information about light touch. They are found just below the border between the epidermis and the dermis. They have small, sharp receptive borders and are fast to adapt.
• Pacinian corpuscles transmit information about vibration. They are found in the hypodermis. They have large, vague receptive borders and are fast to adapt.
• Ruffini endings transmit information about stretch. They are found in the hypodermis. They have large, vague receptive borders and are slow to adapt.
• TRPV-1 is a voltage-gated ion channel that is activated by capsaicin, and responds to heat.
• The prosencephalon, or the forebrain, contains the cerebral hemispheres, the thalamus, and the hypothalamus.
• The mesencephalon, or the midbrain, consists of the tectum and tegmentum.
• The rhombencephalon, or the hindbrain, consists of the pons, cerebellum, and the medulla oblongata.
• Mast cells are responsible for triggering itch sensations, and release histamine and other chemicals.
• Tropic hormones, which come from the anterior pituitary, regulate hormone secretion.
• Releasing hormones affect the tropic hormones, which affect the secretion of hormones from endocrine glands.
• Tonic receptors don't change in the number of action potentials they generate, as they are stimulated.
• Phasic receptors adapt to the stimuli they are affected by, and will quickly decrease the number of action potentials generated.
• Chemicals Involved in Apoptosis, or Cell Death

  • Calcium
  • Diablo
  • IAP's
  • Bcl-2