alkenes

Created by

Yumna Alshanti

Cards (16)

what is an electrophile
chemical species attracted to electrons/ electron pair acceptor
where are the arrows in the electrophillic addition mechinism
from the carbon double to the X. from the X-Y bond to Y. from Y to the carbocation
what makes something a major/ minor product in an electrophilic addition mechinism
major products are more likely to be made as they have more alkyl groups making them more stable as more electrons are puched onto the carbon. minor products are less likely to be made and have a fewer number of alkyl groups
how do you show a repeating unit of a polymer
brackets with bond out of the brackets and an n
why are polymers strong and hard to break
they are hold together by many van der waal forces.
describe straight chain polymers
strong and rigid, able to pack closely together
describe branched chain polymers
more flexible and are less densly packed together
how are straight chains made more flexible
using plasticisers as it sticks between the chains keeping the polymers further apart, making the VDWs weaker allowing the chains to slide around easier.
why do e-z isomers exist
restricted rotation around a c=c double bond.
when do e-z isomers arise
restricted rotaion around a c=c double bond and 2 different groups/atoms attached to each side of the double bond
what is a z isomer
when the priority group is on the same side of the double bond
what is an e isomer
when the priority groups are across the double bond from eachother.
what makes something the priority group
having the bigger atomic number
what are stereoisomers
Stereoisomers have the same structural formulae but have a different spatial arrangement of atoms
what is the test for alkenes
if an alkene is added to bromine water it will change colour from orange to colourless
what are the uses of PVC
with plasticiser it is waterproof and an electrical insulator. rigid plastic due to strong dipole-dipole forces. used to make window frames and gutters without plasticiser.