(UTS) SELF, SOCIETY & CULTURE

• The Self is always unique and has its own identity
• One cannot be another person
• The Self is self-contained with its own thoughts, characteristics, and volition
• The Self has a personality that is enduring and can be studied, described, and measured
• The Self is the center of all experiences and thoughts in a person
• The Self is private, with each person sorting out information, feelings, and emotions within the Self
• The Self is always changing and dynamic, allowing external influences to shape it
• The Self is always in participation with social life and subjected to influences
• The Self is multi-faceted and can fit into any circumstance it finds itself in
• The Self has two faces according to Marcel Mauss:

  • PERSONNE: Composed of the social concept of what it means to be who he is
  • MOI: A person's sense of who he is, his body, and his basic identity
• Culture is an expansive set of material and symbolic processes that give form and direction to behavior
• Culture is not a stable set of values inside people but located in the world in patterns of ideas, practices, institutions, and artifacts
• Culture is dynamic, constantly invented, accumulated, and changed over time
• Language is a salient part of culture and has a tremendous effect on crafting the Self
• Language is where the individual and the social make and remake each other
• Lev Vygotsky believed that children internalize real-life dialogues and apply them to their mental practical problem-solving
• The impact of family is crucial in understanding the Self
• The kind of family a person is born in and the resources available affect the person's development
• Human persons learn ways of living and their selfhood in a family
• A person internalizes the ways and styles they view from their family
• Gender is subject to alteration, change, and development
• Society often forces a particular identity depending on a person's sex and/or gender
• •      SEPARATE– the self distinct form other selves. the Self is always unique and has its own identity.

  One cannot be another person.
• •     2.  SELF-CONTAINED & INDEPENDENTthe Self in itself can existIn its distinctness it allows to be self-contained with its own thoughts, characteristics, and volition.it does not require other selves for it to exist.
• Consistent personality:

  • Personality that is enduring and can be expected to persist for quite some time
  • Allows for study, description, and measurement
• Unitary personality:

  • Center of all experiences and thoughts in a person
  • Like the chief command post where all processes, emotions, and thoughts converge
• Private personality:

  • Each person sorts out information, feelings, emotions, and thought processes within the Self
  • The whole process is never accessible to anyone but the Self
  • Self is always changing and dynamic, allowing external influences to take part in its shaping
• Social Constructionist Perspective ​Argues for the merged view of the person & their social context. ​One cannot easily be separated from the boundaries of the other. The Self is always in participation with social life and its identity and subjected to influences here and there The Self is multi-faceted. The Self is capable of morphing and fitting itself into any circumstance it finds itself in.
• MARCEL MAUSS - French Anthropologist Explained that the Self has two faces: ​ 1. PERSONNE - Composed of the social concept of what it means to be who he is. - Has much to do with what it means to live in a particular institution, e.g. family, religion, nationality, etc and how to behave given the expectations & influence of others. ​2. MOI - a person’s sense of who he is, his body and his basic identity, his biological giveness. - a person’s basic identity
• THE SELF IN FAMILIES ​The impact of family is deemed given in understanding the Self. ​The kind of family a person is born in and the resources available to them (human, spiritual, and economic) affect the kind of development that person will go through in life. ​Human persons learn ways of living and their selfhood in a familyfamily. ​ It is what family initiates the person to become and serves as the basis for that person’s progress progress .​A person will internalize the ways and styles they view from their family.A person is who he is because of his family.