unit 10

• intelligence: ability to learn from experience, solve problems & use knowledge
• intelligence test: method for assessing mental aptitudes
• Spearman's "g" general intelligence: general intelligence factor
• savant syndrome: person limited in mental capacity has exceptional specific skill
• gardner's multiple intelligences theory: 8 intelligences- naturalist, linguistic, logical-mathematical, musical, spatial, bodily -kinesthetic, intrapersonal, interpersonal
• sternberg's triarchic theory: includes analytical, practical & creative intelligence
• social intelligence: capability to effectively navigate social relationships
• emotional intelligence: ability to perceive / understand / manage emotions
• binet's mental age: individuals capable of reasoning at a level typical for that age
• terman's stanford-binet test: utilized IQ formula
• IQ: mental age / chronological age x 100
• achievement test: test designed to show what person has learnt
• aptitude test: test designed to predict person's future performance
• wechsler adult intelligence scale (wais): most widely used IQ test - tests simlarities, vocabulary, block design and letter number sequence
• standardization: uniform testing procedure
• normal curve: frequency distribution where scores are symmetrically distributed around mean
• flynn effect: increase in learning throughout time
• reliability: consistent results
• validity: extent that what is supposed to be measured is measured
• content validity: extent to which a test samples behavior of interest
• predictive validity: success with which a test predicts the behavior it is designed to predict
• learning increases with age
• crystallized intelligence: accumulated knowledge & verbal skills
• fluid intelligence: ability to reason speedily
• heritability: genes passed down
• IQ top scorers are usually twins
• stereotype threat: self concerning concern that one will be evaluated based on negative stereotype
• personality: individual's pattern of thinking, feeling & acting
• free association: person relaxes and says whatever comes to mind
• psychoanalysis: freud's theory that thoughts / actions are attributed to unconscious
• conscious: what we are aware of
• preconscious: information that is not conscious but is retrievable
• unconscious: information processing that we are unaware of
• id: unconscious energy striving to satisfy desires
• pleasure principle: immediate gratification
• ego: mediates between id & superego
• reality principle: id satisfaction in a pleasurable manner
• superego: internalized ideals and standards for judgement
• psychosexual stages: childhood stages of development
• oral: 0-18 months, pleasure on mouth