ai-created (6)

• What were Edward VI's tendencies regarding religion?

  He had strong Protestant tendencies
• What facilitated the moves towards Protestantism during Edward's reign?

  The nature of the Regency Council
• What was the general public's support for Protestantism during Edward's reign?

  Support for traditional Catholic practices was strong
• What were the phases of religious change during Edward's reign?

  1. 1547: Attack on Catholicism
  2. 1548: Lack of official doctrine, radical activity
  3. 1549-52: Establishment of Protestant worship
  4. 1553: Establishment of a fully reformed Church
• What was Somerset's approach to the attack on Catholicism in 1547?

  Slow and cautious
• What was introduced into all churches in July 1547?


  The Book of Homilies and Erasmus’ Paraphrases
• What were clergy ordered to do in July 1547?


  Conduct services in English
• What happened to chantries when Parliament met?

  They were dissolved
• What did the repeal of the Treason Act allow?


  Radicals to discuss more reforms freely
• What characterized radical activity in 1548?

  • Abolition of the Treason Act
  • Iconoclastic attacks on altars and images
  • Pamphlets attacking the mass published
  • Government issued proclamations to restore order
• What was passed in January 1549?


  The Act of Uniformity
• What sacraments were recognized under the Act of Uniformity?

  Communion, baptism, confirmation, marriage, burial
• What changes were made to clergy under the Act of Uniformity?


  Clergy could marry
• What was ended by the Act of Uniformity?

  Singing for the souls of the dead
• What language were holy communion, matins, and evensong conducted in?

  English
• What was the impact of the new Prayer Book?

  It created unrest despite its moderate nature
• What changes occurred after Somerset's fall?

  • Increased pace of religious change
  • Attacks on images intensified
  • New Ordinal introduced in January 1550
  • Conservative bishops removed
  • New Treason Act enacted
  • Stone altars replaced by wooden tables
  • Second Act of Uniformity passed
• What was introduced in 1553?

  The Second Prayer Book and Act of Uniformity
• How did the Second Act of Uniformity differ from the first?

  It was more Protestant and removed Catholic traces
• What were the Forty-Two Articles?

  They outlined doctrine and belief
• Why did the Forty-Two Articles never become law?

  Because of Edward's death
• What was the state of England's religion at Edward's death in 1553?

  England was legally Protestant
• Did the public actively support the religious changes under Edward?

  No, support was limited
• What does the evidence from churchwarden accounts suggest?

  Reforms were carried out despite opposition
• What legislation was enacted regarding images?

  • July 1547: Royal injunctions to remove images
  • February 1548: All images to be removed
  • December 1548: Proclamation to destroy remaining images
• What was a significant religious uprising in 1549?

  The Western rebellion
• What were the demands of the Western rebellion?

  Restoration of traditional practices
• Where did the Western rebellion begin?

  At Sampford Courtenay in Devon
• What was a common demand among the rebels?

  Mass in Latin
• What was the evidence from wills regarding support for religious changes?

  Little support outside London and East Anglia
• What percentage of Protestant wills were found in Kent in 1549?

  8 percent
• How many Protestant wills were found in York before 1550?

  Two Protestant wills
• What was the general reaction to the new Prayer Book?

  • Some welcomed the changes
  • Many were confused or indifferent
  • Many conformed due to authority
• wills evidence under Edward

  • little support - except in London, South-East, & East Anglia
  • Kent = 8% were Protestant by 1549
  • Suffolk = 27% were Protestant over Edward's whole reign
  • York = only 2 wills before 1550
  • south-west = only 1 will before 1550
• What was Mary's initial proclamation regarding religious matters?

  She intended to proceed cautiously
• What were Mary's aims regarding religious changes?

  To undo changes since 1529 and restore Catholicism
• What did Mary intend to restore in her religious policies?

  Papal authority and traditional Catholic practices
• What was one of Mary's goals related to marriage?

  To secure a long-term future for Catholicism
• How was Mary welcomed upon her return?

  With enthusiasm, bells, and a mass
• What challenges did Mary face regarding papal authority?

  Gardiner's uncertainty and the Pope's concerns