marxism

• Bourdieu

  -middle class students have:

  -culture capital, norms and values of their teacher

  -social capital, not what you know its who you know

  -economic capital,money

  -education serves ruling class by ensuring obedience and respect for authority is taught in schools,cultural reproduction

  -topics are ethnocentric:European history and languages
• althusser

  -schools are middle class institutions run by middle class for middle class

  -ooze middle class'ness

  -education is an ISA
• Bowels and Gintis-schooling in capitalist america

  -meritocracy doesnt exist

  -correspondence principle-school mirrors work

  -hidden curriculum-things that are indirectly taught

  -works in 4 ways:

  -produces subservient workforce

  -accept hierarchy

  -motivates you by reward

  -school day is fragmented
• critique of marxism

  -Hickox: capitalism existed without education for 120 years

  -Reynolds: B+G ignore formal curriculum that encourages critical thinking that doesnt benefit ruling class

  -postmodern view: education provides pupils technological skills for 21st century doesnt brainwash them

  -Willis 12 lad study...hidden curriculum isnt
• willis 12 lad study

  -interviewed and observed 12 working class boys from a comprehensive school in burmingham

  -lads placed low value on school and rejected school culture

  -seeked instant gratification where the middle class students seeked deferred gratification delaying present pleasure for future reward of high quality education

  -lads created a counter/anti-school culture

  -lads were not shaped by education system
• problems with willis' 12 lad study

  -small sample

  -gender blind

  -interview bias

  -impositional bias

  -hawthorne effect

  -ignore pupil subculture diversity