Properties of Electromagnetic Waves (HT only)

• What are the properties of electromagnetic waves?

  They can absorb, transmit, refract, or reflect
• How do electromagnetic waves vary?

  They vary with wavelength
• What causes refraction in electromagnetic waves?

  Difference in velocity in different substances
• What happens to waves moving from one material to another?

  They are refracted
• What occurs when waves move from less dense to more dense material?

  They change direction towards the normal
• What happens when waves move from more dense to less dense material?

  They change direction away from the normal
• What is the normal line in wave refraction?

  Imaginary line perpendicular to the surface
• How does the angle of incidence relate to the angle of refraction?

  The angle of refraction is less than the angle of incidence
• What is the relationship between the angle of incidence and the angle of refraction?

  Refraction depends on the material's density
• What happens to the speed of waves in denser materials?

  The speed decreases in denser materials
• What is the angle of incidence?

  Angle between incoming wave and normal
• What is the angle of refraction?

  Angle between refracted wave and normal
• How does the wavefront diagram represent wave refraction?

  Each wave is represented by a line
• What happens to the wavefront as it enters a denser material?

  It slows down and bends towards the normal
• What occurs when one edge of a wavefront enters a denser material first?

  The wavefront slows down and bends
• What is the effect of a block on a wavefront?

  It slows down the wavefront
• How does the speed of a wavefront change as it enters a block?

  It decreases as it enters the block
• What happens to the wavefront as it exits a block?

  It speeds up and changes direction
• What is the relationship between the wavefront speed and the material density?

  Higher density results in lower wavefront speed
• What happens to the wavefront when it encounters a boundary?

  It can be reflected, refracted, or absorbed
• What is the significance of the angle of incidence in wave behavior?

  It determines how much the wave refracts
• How does the wavefront change as it passes through different materials?

  It changes speed and direction based on density
• What is the effect of a denser material on wavefront direction?

  It bends towards the normal
• What is the outcome when waves slow down in a denser medium?

  They bend towards the normal
• What happens to the wavefront as it exits a denser medium?

  It speeds up and bends away from the normal
• How does the wavefront behave when entering a less dense medium?

  It bends away from the normal
• What is the relationship between wavefront speed and the angle of incidence?

  Higher incidence angles can increase speed
• What is the effect of wavefronts on the speed of light in different materials?

  Speed of light varies with material density
• How does the angle of refraction relate to the angle of incidence?

  It is determined by the material's properties
• What is the significance of the wavefront in understanding wave behavior?

  It helps visualize how waves interact with materials
• How does the wavefront change direction when entering a new medium?

  It bends based on the density of the medium
• What is the role of the normal line in wave refraction?

  It serves as a reference for angles
• How does the density of a medium affect wavefront behavior?

  Higher density slows down the wavefront
• What is the definition of the angle of incidence?

  Angle between the incoming wave and normal
• What is the definition of the angle of refraction?

  Angle between the refracted wave and normal
• How does the wavefront change as it passes through different materials?

  It changes speed and direction based on density
• What happens to the wavefront when it encounters a boundary?

  It can be reflected, refracted, or absorbed
• What is the significance of the angle of incidence in wave behavior?

  It determines how much the wave refracts
• What is the effect of a denser material on wavefront direction?

  It bends towards the normal
• What is the outcome when waves slow down in a denser medium?

  They bend towards the normal