KEY DATES

• 25th October 1918


  Kiel Mutiny

  Naval CommandersatKielordered sailors to fight, leading to mutiny
• 6th November 1918


  Soldier's and workers' councils establishedin some German Cities
• 9th November 1918


  Kaiser Abdicated

  Kaiser went into exile in Holland
• 10th November 1918


  Friedrich Ebert suspneded the old Reichstag and formed theCouncil of People's Representativewhich took control in Germany
• 11th November 1918


  The Armistice was signed
• January 1919


  First electionswere held for the Weimar Parliment
• 5th January 1919


  The Spartacist Uprising

  (Left Wing)
• June 28th 1919


  Treaty of Versailleswas signed
• 31st July 1919


  A new constitution was approved by the National Assembly
• 1919


  Hitler joined the DAP
• 1920


  Hitler was second in commandof the DAP
• March 1920


  Kapp Putsch

  (Friekorps)
• August 1920


  DAP changed its name to theNAZI Party
• July 1921


  Hitler became leader of the Nazi Party
• August 1921


  SA formed

  SA formed in August 1921 by Hitler and put under the command of Ernst Rohm
• 1923


  Begining ofHyperinflation
• January 1923


  Invasion of the Ruhr

  French Troops invaded the Ruhr to take reparation payments in goods and raw materials. The Weimar government printed more money to pay strikers which lead to hyperinflation.
• November 1923


  TheGerman Mark was worthless
• 8th - 9th November 1923

  Munich Putsch
• 1923-1929 Gustav Stresemann


  Gustav Stresemann resigned the chancellorship in November 1923 but stayed as foreign secreatory until 1929.
• November 1923


  Rentenbank & Rentenmark

  Stressemann set up the temperary Rentenbank and issued the new currency called the Rentenmark.

  Supply of these notes was tightly controlled and their value was tied to the price of gold.
• August 1924


  Reichsbank & Reichsmark

  The Reichsbank was given control of this new currency. It was renamed the Reichsmark and hyperinflation was over.
• 1925


  SS was set up by Hitlerto be his personal body guards led by Himmler.
• 1924


  The Dawes Plan, 1924

  Charles Dawes, an American Banker designed a plan so Germany could pay it's reperations:

  - Instalments were temporarily reduced to £50 million a year.- US Banks agreed to make loans to german industry.
• 1925


  Locarno Pact, 1925

  An agreement between Germany, Britain, France, Italy and Beligium: In it:- Germany agreed to it's new border with France improving relations with the French

  - The Allies and Germany agreed to the permanent demilitarisation of the Rhineland.

  - German membership of the League of Nations was up for discussion.
• 1926


  Bamberg Conference
• 1926


  Germany joins the League of Nations

  This was an international body that hoped to discuss world problems in order to avoid war. It was set up in 1920 but Germany was initally excluded. In 1926 they were invited to join and they became a member of the council.
• 1928


  Kellogg-Briand Pact , 1928

  It was an agreement between 62 nations. It committed countries to avoiding the use of war to achieve foreign policy objectives.
• August 1929


  Young Plan 1929

  In August 1929 a committee set uo by the Allies and led by an American banker Owen Young proposed a plan.

  - The Young plan reduced the total reparations debt from £6.6 billion to $2 billion.- The payments could be made over a longer time up until 1988- Lower reparations meant lower taxes for German People.
• 1924 - 29 Changes for Women + Workers + Cultural Changes


  1924 - 29 Changes for Women + Workers + Cultural ChangesLiving standards improved after 1924:

  Wages & Work:- Working hours reduced- Wages rose- Working conditions improved

  Unemployment Insurance:- 3% of workers' earnings were deducted to be put towards insuarance that would give them a basic amount of benifts if they became unemployed or sick.

  Housing:- 15% rent tax was introduced to fund building associations.- Between 1925 & 1929 101 000 homes were built.

  Women:- New professions like teaching & medicine offerend new opportunities to women,- Encouraged to go to univerisy,- Greater earning power led to more independence for younger, single women.- Women were less intrested in marriage + family.- Earned the vote in 1918 + could stand for elections.- Article 109 stated women had equal rights to men and could enter professions on an equal baisis.- Marrigae was an equal parnership.

  Art:- Art made that commented on problmes of society.

  Cinema:- Films became popular and challanged traditional cinema.

  Architecture:- New archetacture challanged traditional ideas and practices in building.
• October 1929


  Wall Street crash
• April 1932


  Chancellor Bruningbans the SA.

  Hindenburg stands for re-election as president no party has 50% of the vote
• May 1932


  Bruning is replaced by Von Papen(put forward by Von Schleicher). Von Schelicher planned acoalition between right wing supporters and the NAZIS. Hitler agreed to the coalition if theban of the SA is removed.
• November 1932


  Von Papen Goes.

  Von Scheicher warns Hindenburg that if Von Papen stays as Chancellor there will be a civil war. Von Papen Goes
• December 1932


  Von Schliecher becomes chancellor
• January 1933


  Hitler becomes chancellor:

  - Von Schleicher does not have the support of the public or the Nazis.

  - He persuades Hindenburg that he could be the head of a military dictatorship.

  - Hindenburg refuses.

  - Von Papen persuades Hindenburg to appoint Hitler as Chancellor to avoid Von Schleicher's military dictatorship. He also suggests that he sould be vice-chancellor so he can keep a check on Hitler.

  - Hitler Becomes Chancellor
• 27th Febuary 1933


  The Reichstage Fire
• 28th Febuary 1933


  Decree for the Protection of the People and the State

  Giving Hitler powers to imprison political oponnets and ban opposition newspapers.
• March 1933


  March Elections- Hitler secured two-thirds of the seats (enough seats) tochange the constitution
• March 1933


  The Enabling Act

  Hitler proposed the Enabling Act to destroy the power of the Recihstag. It stated:- The Reich Cabinet could pass new laws.- The laws could overrule the constitution- Hitler would propose the laws.

  Result Germany was no longer a democracy.