Union

• Strength: Advantages in transportation infrastructure (allowing them to move troops and resources more efficiently).
• Strength: Larger population.
• Strength: Greater industrial capabilities.
• Strength: Produced more war materials.
• Strength: Food wasn't an issue.
• Strength: Established government.
• Weakness: Fighting an offensive war.
• Weakness: Unfamiliar ground against a hostile population.
• Weakness: They would need to pacify over half a million square miles.
• Weakness: Poor military leadership.