Transmission of ideas, opinions, feelings, emotions, or attitudes through oral language and written words
Examples include meetings, letters, reports, emails, notes, memos, group discussions, interviews, counseling, face-to-face conversations, telephone calls, and radio
Non-verbal communication:
Sending messages using methods other than spoken language or written words
Visual non-verbal communication:
Posture: position and movement of the body
Gestures and Body Movements: used to recite, ask questions, make requests
Facial Expression: arrangement of facial muscles to communicate emotional states or reactions
Visual non-verbal communication:
Eye Movements: communicate emotions and provide feedback
Proxemics: communication through the use of space in relation to others
Geographic Location: position of interactants showing relationship, Time observation revealing personality traits
Visual non-verbal communication:
Artifacts: things or objects on body, in homes, or personal possessions
PhysicalCharacteristics: color of skin, body shape, hair color conveying messages
Auditory non-verbal communication:
Silence: may indicate approval, disapproval, acceptance, non-acceptance, understanding, or lack of it
Paralanguage: non-verbal features in speech like intonation, pitch, loudness, and intensity
Auditory non-verbal communication:
Tactile: communication through touch conveying feelings
Olfactory: communication through smell
Gustatory: communication through taste
Geographic Location
position of interactants showing relationship, Time observation revealing personality traits