central asia

• The name "Kazakh" comes from the ancient Turkic word qaz, "to wander", reflecting the Kazakhs' nomadic culture. The Persian suffix -stan means "land"
• The Silk Road initially began in China during the Han Dynasty around 207 BCE – 220 CE
• In addition to sharing of cultural and religious ideas, the Silk Road allowed for the sharing of information and technology.
• combination of the Turkic words “Kyrg” meaning 40 and “yz” meaning tribes, along with the Persian term “stan.
• The name Turkmenistan is derived from Persian, meaning "land of the Turkmen”.
• Persian suffix “Tajik” represents the name of the main ethnic group of the country and “Stan” means “Land of.”
• Uzbekistan means "land of the Uzbeks
• During the 5th and 6th centuries, the silk-making culture began to spread from China into Central Asia and Persia.
• Central Asia borders Russia to the north, Iran to the south, China and Mongolia to the east, and the Caspian Sea to the west.
• . The Silk Road connected the continents of Asia, Africa, and Europe.
• Some of the items that were traded through the Silk Road were: Silk, Horses, Camels, precious stones, carpets, gold, silver, saffron, etc.
• Caravans from Eastern Asia, Central Asia, the Middle East, East Africa, and Western Europe travelled the Silk Road and shared their ideas.
• During the 5th and 6th centuries, the silk-making culture began to spread from China into Central Asia and Persia. Not only did this empower Central Asians to begin making silk in their own cultural designs, it also worked to lessen the monopoly that China had on silk products.
• The process of making silk, paper, gunpowder, stained glass, books, and other items and ideas was also spread along the Silk Road
• More westward, in the Mediterranean, the art of glass making was spread eastward into Persia and Central Asia before reaching China in the 5th century.
• This spread of culture, ideas, and technology helped to develop the region and create a unique melting pot of diverse peoples and ideas
• One of the most prominent trade routes in Central Asia was the Silk Road, which was a series of trade routes that spanned from Eastern Asia, Central Asia, the Middle East, East Africa, and Western Europe.
• This allowed the inhabitants of Central Asia to capitalize on trade, political influence, language, religion, and culture from various international origins.
• Although these trade routes were known for the transport of silk across the region, other goods such as horses, camels, precious stones, carpets, gold, silver, and saffron were traded along these routes.
• The countries of Central Asia stretching from the caspian sea in the west to China and mongolia in the east.
• persian surrounding area had the greatest influence on Central Asian language in the pre and early Islamic period
• In modern times, the Soviet Union and Russia have played a significant role in influencing Central Asian culture.
• Currently, Russian is spoken in all Central Asian countries. This is a result of being ruled by the Soviet Union for over 70 years.
• From 618 to 907, parts of Central Asia were ruled by the Tang Dynasty of China. In the year 751, the Tang Dynasty was defeated by the Abbasid Caliphate and Tibetan Empire at the Battle of Talas. This marked an end to the Tang Dynasty and the beginning of an Arabic influence on the region.
• The longest period of rule in Central Asia occurred during the 13th and 14th centuries when the Mongols conquered and ruled the area
• As a hub for diverse trade and travel, Central Asian culture was greatly influenced by its neighbours. Located at the heart of the Silk Road, the inhabitants of Central Asia were in close contact with diverse people who had a significant impact on the development of their regional culture
• As a centrally located region, nestled between China, Russia, Iran, and Afghanistan, Central Asia plays an important role in regional culture and politics.
• Central Asia has a population of roughly 72 million with 18 million living in Kazakhstan, 6 million in Kyrgyzstan, 9 million in Tajikistan, 6 million in Turkmenistan, and 33 million in Uzbekistan.
• The climate of Central Asia is semi arid with hot, dry summers.
• the Turkic Mountain range or Turkistan range be found in Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, and Uzbekistan
• The highest point in the Turkic range is the Piramidalny peak which measures 5,510 meters.
• Central Asian mountain ranges are considered biodiversity hotspots with a wide range of resources that are traditionally used by people in the region. Forest products such as wood, animals, water, and fruit nuts
• ➢ Located between China, Russia, and India, Central Asian countries share an environment that consists of desert, mountains, and steppes grasslands.
• The climate is semi-arid with hot, dry summers. Regionally, the northern area of Central Asia has very cold winters, while the southern areas have mild, warm winters. Being a relatively dry area, Central Asia traditionally has had water scarcity, which has led to uneven population distribution.
• The two major rivers of Central Asia, the Amu Darya, and the Syr Darya are domestic rivers. The Syr Darya carries less water than the Amu Darya hence making the Amu Darya the largest river system.
• The rivers are very important to the Central Asian countries as the region remains quite dry for most of the year. 60% of Central Asia is deserted.
• 90% of Kyrgyzstan is dominated by massive, rugged mountain ranges,
• the Caspian Sea bounds Kazakhstan to the southwest. The ninth largest country in the world.
• kazhakhstan Highest producer of Uranium -The largest reserve of Oil and gas amongst the Central Asian countries. -an abundance of natural resources
• the kazhakhstan Parliament is composed of a lower house called the Majlis and an upper house called the Senate. In the Majlis, 107 officials are elected by popular vote, while the Senate has 48 elected representatives.