history: A divided Union: Civils Rights In the US, 1945-74

• Civil Rights in the 1950s

  NAACP- National Association for the Advancement Of Coloured people

  CORE- Congress of Racial Equality

  SCLC- Southern Christian Leadership Council

  MIA- Montgomery Improvement Association

  SNCC- Student Nonviolent Co-ordination Committee

  ACMHR- Alabama Christian Movement for Human Rights
• Brown vs Board of Education (1954) - Supreme Court ruled that segregation was unconstitutional, but it took years to implement.
• Little Rock Nine (1957)- First African American students were allowed into Little Rock High School, Arkansas. They faced violence from white protesters.
• Montgomery Bus Boycott (1956)- Rosa Parks refused to give up her seat on a bus which sparked a boycott by black citizens who walked instead of taking the buses.
• Montgomery Bus Boycott (1956) - Rosa Parks refused to give up her seat on a bus, sparking protests and boycotts against segregated public transport.
• Little Rock Nine (1957) - First African American students admitted into Little Rock Central High School, met with violent resistance from white mobs.
• Sit-ins (1960) - Protests where activists would sit down at lunch counters or other places they were not allowed to enter, leading to arrests and violence.
• Emmett Till Murder (1955)- Emmett Till was murdered because he whistled at a white woman. The murderers were acquitted due to an all-white jury.
• Montgomery Bus Boycott (1955-6): Rosa Parks refused to give up her seat on a bus, sparking a boycott by black citizens who walked instead. It lasted over a year until desegregated buses were introduced.
• Martin Luther King Jr.- Civil rights activist who led peaceful demonstrations and gave speeches about equality.
• Sit ins- Protests where people would sit down at places like lunch counters or restaurants to protest segregation.
• Martin Luther King Jr.- Civil rights activist who led peaceful protests against segregation laws. He gave his famous "I have a dream" speech during the March on Washington in 1963.
• Emmett Till Murder (1955): A young black man accused of flirting with a white woman was murdered by two white men. The case highlighted the brutality of Jim Crow laws and led to increased activism.
• Freedom Rides- Activists rode interstate buses through the South to challenge segregation laws.
• Martin Luther King Jr (1929-1968): Baptist minister and civil rights leader who advocated nonviolent resistance against segregation. He organised many protests including the Montgomery Bus Boycott and the March on Washington.
• Malcolm X- Civil rights activist who advocated for self defence and believed in separatism. He founded the Black Muslims movement.
• Martin Luther King Jr.- Civil rights activist who led peaceful demonstrations and marches for equality.
• March on Washington (1963) - Martin Luther King Jr.'s "I Have A Dream" speech called for an end to segregation and inspired civil rights legislation.
• Sit-ins (1960) - Protests where African Americans would sit at lunch counters and refuse to leave until they received service.
• Freedom Rides (1961) - Activists rode interstate buses through the South to challenge segregation laws.
• Civil Rights Act (1964) - Federal law prohibiting discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin.
• Brown v Board of Education (1954): Supreme Court decision that declared school segregation unconstitutional, paving the way for integration.
• Freedom Rides (1961) - Activists rode interstate buses through the South to challenge segregation laws, resulting in violence and arrests.
• Birmingham Campaign (1963) - Martin Luther King Jr led peaceful demonstrations in Birmingham, Alabama, resulting in police brutality and international attention.
• Freedom Rides (1961): Activists rode interstate buses through the South to challenge segregation laws, resulting in violence and arrests.
• March on Washington (1963) - A protest march organized by civil rights leaders demanding equal opportunities for African Americans.
• Malcolm X- Black nationalist leader who advocated for self-defense and separation from whites.
• Greensboro Sit-Ins (1960): Four African American college students sat down at a whites-only lunch counter, starting a wave of similar protests across the country.
• Freedom Rides (1961): Activists rode interstate buses through the South to challenge segregation laws.
• March on Washington (1963)- A march organized by Martin Luther King Jr. To demand civil rights legislation and equal opportunities for African Americans.
• Kennedy's Civil Rights Act (1963): President Kennedy signed legislation that banned discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin.
• Little Rock Nine (1957)- Nine African American students enrolled in Little Rock Central High School despite resistance from white protesters. President Eisenhower sent federal troops to protect them.
• Little Rock Nine- In 1957, nine African American students enrolled in Little Rock Central High School, leading to violent protests from white residents.
• Rosa Parks (1913-2005): African American seamstress who refused to give up her seat on a bus, sparking the Montgomery Bus Boycott.
• Black Panther Party- African American revolutionary group that aimed to protect their community from police violence and promote social change.
• Brown v Board of Education (1954)- Supreme Court decision that declared school segregation unconstitutional.
• Malcolm X (1925-1965): Black nationalist who believed that violence could be used as a means of achieving freedom from oppression.
• Rosa Parks- African American seamstress who refused to give up her seat on a public bus, sparking the Montgomery Bus Boycott.
• Civil Rights Act of 1964- Federal law that banned discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin.
• March on Washington (1963): Over 200,000 people marched through Washington D.C. To demand civil rights legislation. Martin Luther King Jr. Gave his famous "I Have a Dream" speech.