science 3

• endocrine system - secretes chemicals act as as messenger all over the body
• hormones - substances that act on a targer tissue to produce a specific response
• endocrine - releases hormones directly into the bloodstream
• exocrine - releases their secretions through ducts or opening to a body surfaces
• pituitary gland - pea sized endocrine gland situated at the base of our brain "master gland"
• pineal gland - small endocrine gland inside the brain
• melatonin - a hormone secreted by the enigmatic pineal gland in response to darkness
• thyroid gland - largest endocrine gland found in the neck
• thyroxin -  main hormone secreted into the bloodstream by the thyroid gland. It plays vital roles in metabolism, heart and muscle function, brain development, and maintenance of bones.
• calcitonin -  a hormone that your thyroid gland makes and releases to help regulate calcium levels in your blood by decreasing it. increases the rate of calcium deposition in the bone
• parathyroid gland - four small glands at the back of thyroid gland "parathyroids"
• parathormones - regulates calcium in the bloodstream.
• thymus gland - In the chest, between the lungs and behind the breastbone
• Thymosin - stimulates T-cell production which is part of immune system
• pancreas - located between the spleen and the small intestine
• glucagon - increases glucose level in blood
• insulin - decreases glucose level in blood
• adrenal glands - on top of kidneys
• adrenal medulla - inner part of adrenal gland
• adrenal cortex - outer part of adrenal gland
• (PART OF ADRENAL MEDULLA) epinephrine -  a neurotransmitter and a hormone. It plays an important role in your body's “fight-or-flight” response. has slightly more of an effect on your heart
• (PART OF ADRENAL MEDULLA) norepinephrine - increase and maintain blood pressure in limited, short-term serious health situations.  used as a medication to treat many life-threatening conditions. more of an effect on your blood vessels
• testis - regulates the maturation of male reproductive organs
• testosterone - one of the two egg-shaped glands inside the scrotum
• (PART OF ADRENAL CORTED ) cortisol - stress hormone
• (PART OF ADRENAL CORTEX) aldosterone - regulates salt and water in the body
• (PART OF ADRENAL CORTEX) androgens - male sex hormone. a substance capable of developing and maintaining masculine characteristics in reproductive tissues
• androgen - promotes the development of male secondary sex characteristics
• ovary - small oval shaped gland located on either side of the uterus
• progesterone - prepares the uterus for the implantation of a fertilized egg
• estrogen - promotes the development of female secondary sex characteristics
• central nervous system - process area of the nervous system
• reproduction

  
• scrotum - loose pouch like sac of skin that hangs behind and below the penis, acts as tempeture regulation for the testes
• testes - "male gonads" "testicles" produces testosterone and sperm cells
• epididymis - nourish the sperm to maturnity
• vas deferens - transports mature sperm to the urethra
• seminal vesicle - sac like pouches that attach to the vas deferens. produces a sugar-rich fluid ( fructose ) that provides sperm with a source of energy to help them move
• prostate gland - a walnut-sized structure that is located below the urinary bladder. contributes additional fluid to the ejaculate
• urethra - tube which carries the urine from the bladder from the bladder. carries sperm out of the body