Geography

• Urbanisation is the process of increasing the proportion of a population living in urban areas.
• Urbanisation occur when people move to cities and towns from rural areas.
• Development in geography is when a country's economy, society, and environment change over time.
• Globalisation is the process of increasing interdependence between countries and the spread of culture, technology and ideas
• GDP is the total value of all final goods and services produced in a country in a year
• GNI is the total value of all goods and services produced in a country in a year
• HDI is a composite index that combines education, health and income
• GNP is the total value of all goods and services produced in a country in a year
• Urban pull factors include: higher wages, pace and excitement, improved education and healthcare, better job opportunities, public utilities(water, gas, electricity etc.) and government support.
• Rural push factors include: mechanisation in farming, lack of job opportunities, lack of government support and investment, harsh and monotonous lifestyles, unreliable food supplies/ famine, and limited healthcare and education.
• Urban regeneration: is the process of improving an area of a city or town either by redeveloping it or by improving its infrastructure.
• Urban re-imagining is the process of re-imagining the city to create a more sustainable and inclusive city
• Globalisation is the process of increasing interdependence between countries and the spread of culture, technology and ideas.
• International trade allows countries to specialise in producing what they are best at making and trading with other countries for things that they cannot produce themselves.
• Increased trade can lead to increased economic growth as countries become wealthier through selling their products abroad.
• TNCs stands for transnational corporations, they are multinational companies that operate in more than one country.
• MNCs stands for multinational corporations, they are companies that operate in more than one country
• Economic development involves the growth of a country's economy, which is measured by GDP.
• environmental development involves the development of the environment to meet the needs of the population
• political development involves developing political systems so that people have greater freedom and democracy
• social development involves improving social conditions such as health care, education and housing