Lesson 1

• “Gen” means to become or grow
• William Bateson coined the word genetics.
• Heredity is the transmission of traits
• Heredity is the similarity of parents and offspring
• Variation is the differences between parents and offspring
• GENES are the principal determinants of life processes.
• 3 affected by genes:

  • appearance

  • adaptability

  • behavior
• 3 Interrelated Field in Genetics:

  • Transmission

  • Molecular

  • Population
• Transmission genetics is also known as classical genetics
• Transmission genetics encompasses basic principles
• Transmission shows the relationship between heredity and chromosomes
• Transmission genetics is the arrangement of genes on chromosomes
• Molecular genetics is the chemical nature of gene
• Molecular genetics is how genetic information is replicated
• Population Genetics is the composition of groups of individuals of same species
• Population genetics is how the composition changes overtime
• Population genetics is the study of evolution
• Study of evolution is the genetic change
• 9 branches of genetics:

  • Molecular

  • Cytogenesis

  • Developmental

  • Evolutionary

  • Biochemical

  • Behavioral

  • Population

  • Quantitative

  • Human
• Molecular Gen is the central dogma of molecular biology
• Molecular Gen is the structure and function of genes
• Cytogenetics is the behavior of chromosomes
• Cytogenetics are the carrier of the genes
• Developmental Gen is the gene regulation during development
• Evolutionary genetics is the genetic change within and between species
• Biochemical genetics facilitates the roles of enzyme and proteins.
• Biochemical genetics are the products of genes
• Behavioral genetics is the behavioral traits inherited
• Examples of behavioral genetics:

  • Schizophrenia

  • Alcoholism

  • Manic Depressive Psychosis

  • Happiness

  • Criminality
• Population genetics is the fate of genes in the population
• Population genetics‘ factors affects gene frequencies
• Quantitative genetics is the role of genetic & environmental factors
• Human Genetics is the inheritance of traits and other abnormalities
• In Golden Age of Greek Culture, attention was given to reproduction and heredity
• Theory of Pangenesis = Aristotle
• Theory of Inheritance of Acquired Characteristics = Jean Baptiste de Lamarck
• Germplasm Theory = August Weismann
• Germplasm theory is about the plans of the entire body contributed by sex cells only
• Gregor Mendel is the father of genetics
• Gregor Mendel discovered the concept of genes