Bonding

• What is ionic bonding?

  When metals react with non-metals
• What’s an example of ionic bonding?

  Sodium+Chloride -> Sodium Chloride
• What happens in ionic bonding?

  Electrons are transferred from metal atoms to non-metal atoms.
• What do metal atoms become in ionic bonding?

  Positive ions
• What do non-metal atoms become in ionic bonding?

  Negative ions
• What is there between the non-metal and metal in ionic bonding?

  Strong electrostatic attraction
• What is the strong electrostatic attraction in ionic bonding caused by?

  Oppositely charged ions.
• What is the reaction between metals and non-metals called?

  Ionic bonding
• Why does ionic bonding occur?

  As all atoms want a full outer shell
• What is covalent bonding?

  When two non-metals react
• What is covalent bonding also known as?

  Simple Molecular bonding
• What is the nature of covalent bonds?

  They’re strong
• What does a strong bond mean?

  It takes a lot of energy to break the bonds
• What do covalent bonds form?

  Molecules with a low melting and boiling point
• What are the bonds like within molecules in covalent bonding?

  Strong
• What are the bonds like between molecules in covalent bonding?

  Weak
• What do the atoms do in covalent bonding?

  Give electrons to get them
• What happens due to covalent bonding?

  Both atoms become stable due to a full outer shell
• What is metallic bonding?

  Bonding between metal ions and delocalised electrons
• What do dot and cross diagrams show?

  How a pair of electrons form a covalent bond
• What do the dots and crosses represent?

  Electrons
• How do metal atoms form ions?

  They lose electrons to form positive ions
• What has more electrons than protons?

  A negative ion
• What happens when sodium and chlorine atoms form sodium chloride?

  An electron transfers from each sodium atom to each chlorine atom
• How do we work out the amount of covalent bonds that will be formed?

  8-(group number)
• What force is overcome when covalent bonds melt or boil?

  Intermolecular forces
• When does double bonding occur?

  When more than one pair of electrons are shared between atoms to get a full outer shell
• What’s an example of double bonding?

  CO2