"The Duchess of Malfi is famous for its remarkable, indeed improbably sustained, secrets"
Dympna Callaghan
Antonio and Duchess' marriage is "perpetually clandestine"
Linda Woodbridge
suggests "Webster invites us to ask what is wrong with being or marrying a lusty widow"
Linda Woodbridge
celebrates the Duchess as a "hero of desire" and suggests that her sovereignty might be "sexy"
Barbara Correll
The Duchess "raises Antonio to reciprocity"
Judith Haber
The Duchess "effectively positions herself (and Antonio) both as subject and as object, both as penetrator and as pentrated"
John Knox
"The nature of female rule was 'unatural'"
John Aylmer
"A woman ruler could be 'subject to' her husband"
Theodora A. Jankowski
"The Duchess of Malfi is an unusual play because it explores questions of rulership as they relate to a female sovereign"
Theodora A. Jankowski
"In this double position of wife and ruler, then the Duchess becomes an uneasy and threatening figure"
Theodora A. Jankowski
"She challenges Jacobean society's views regarding the representation of the female body and woman's sexuality"
Kathleen McLuskie
The critical history of The Duchess of Malfi reflects an "unease with a woman character who so impertinently pursues self-determination"
Joyce E. Peterson
"The Duchess improperly sets the private claims of her body above the public claims of her body politic"
Theodora A. Jankowski
"The Duchess of Malfi is a play that is clearly concerned with questions of gender ideology"
Theodora A. Jankowski
"We read the family as a Renaissance dynastic unit"
Theodora A. Jankowski
"The nature of the Renaissance dynastic marriage served almost totally to objectify the woman"
Theodora A. Jankowski
"The Duchess is further represented as manifesting her political authority by engaging in an 'irregular' marriage - one that is not sanctified by any representative of the church"
Theodora A. Jankowski
"In her marriage and its ramifications, the Duchess can be viewed as a subversive character"
Theodora A. Jankowski
"The Duchess is represented as being radically different from the traditional picture of the Renaissance wife"
Theodora A. Jankowski
"Ultimately, the Duchess' marriage and sexual politics are represented as so revolutionary that she must be punished for her actions"
Theodora A. Jankowski
"The Duchess of Malfi can be viewed as a subversive plau because it challenges the basic concept of the early modern marriage"
Smith
'The Duchess is both culpable and innocent, victim and agent'
Peake
'The play begins to reframe conceptions of gender and asks the audience to do the same'
Peake
'the enclosure of aristocracy and its disempowering effects on the female body'
Peake
'Ferdinand has physically been a shadow of the Duchess'
Scott
'Ferdinand and Cardinal's depiction of a sadistic patriarchy twists the noble marriage into something horrific'
Scott
'Ferdinand seeks to deprive her not only of her life and political title, but of her very identity'
Scott
'the Duchess remained within societal sexual limitations concerning womanhood'
Callaghan
'repeating the historical transgression of Eve'
Hamilton
"The duchess, while innocent of any criminal guilt, transgresses'
Chatterjee
'When Ferdinand learns of his sister's secret marriage, he is incensed to the brink of insanity'
Chatterjee
'keeps his own deeds in the dark, the hallmark of a true Machiavel' (Cardinal)
Murray
'a perverse and violent pair of Italian devils' (Ferdinand and Cardinal)
Lever
'his hatred is less controlled than (the) Cardinal's, but both men are governed by the same murderous enmity' (Cardinal and Ferdinand)
Lucy Webster
'Bosola, the hired assassin undergoes a crisis from which he emerges as a moral crusader'
Gunby
'salvation and damnation are ever-present realities'
Billington
'it is a haunting tragedy about the uncertainty of human existence'
Alexander Dyce
Acclaims webster as 'one of the best of our ancient dramatists'
Hazlitt
comes 'the nearest to Shakespeare of any thing we have upon record', but the final scenes 'exceed the just bounds' of tragedy
Charles Kingsley
'The strength of Websters confest mastership lies simply in his acquaintance with viscous nature in general' and he 'handles these horrors with little or no moral purpose'