science L1

Cards (19)

  • BIG BANG THEORY
    >the most popular theory of our
    universe’s origin centers on a cosmic
    cataclysm unmatched in all of history
    >other galaxies are moving away from
    our own at high speed in all
    directions
  • GEORGE LEMAITRE
    >the universe began
    from a single
    primordial atom
  • Edwin Hubble
    >observed that
    galaxies are
    speeding away from
    us in all directions
  • Leftover light of BIG BANG
    >THE GLOW OF COSMIC
    MICROWAVE background radiation
    >the radiation is used to transmit TV
    signals via antennas, oldest type of
    radiation
  • NASA TECHNOLOGY Views Birth of
    the Universe
    >Astronomers announced that
    there is a direct evidence that
    gravitational waves rippled though
    our universe
    > an explosive period of growth called
    INFLATION
  • PAUL HERTZ (NASA Astrophysics
    Division director in Washington DC)
    >The detector is ground-based and
    balloon borne experiments.
    > allows them to mature
    technologies for space missions
    and make discoveries about the
    universe
  • Plank satellite ( European Space
    Agency mission)
    >NASA provided detector and cooler
    technology
    > confirmed the basic theory of the
    universe (existence of inflation and
    cosmic microwave background
    radiation)
  • Jamie Bock( project co-leader of
    NASA’s Jet propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena CA)
    >developed the BICEP2 detector technology,
    small quantum fluctuations were amplified to
    enormous sizes by the expansion of the
    universe
    > they tested the existence of GRAVITATIONAL
    WAVES
  • GRAVITATIONAL WAVES
    >produced a characteristics swirly pattern in polarized
    light called “B-mode” polarization
    > light can become polarized by scattering off surfaces,
    such as a car or pond
    > COSMIC MICROWAVE BACKGROUND, light
    scattered off particles called electrons to become
    slightly polarized
  • SUPERCONDUCTORS - are materials that, when
    chilled, allow electrical current to flow freely, with
    zero resistance
  • GEOCENTRIC MODEL
    1. Developed by Ptolemy.
    b. also know as EARTH-CENTERED
    Solar System Model
    c. Earth has been assigned the central
    place in the universe.
  • NICOLAUS COPERNICUS (1543)
    Developed the Heliocentric or SUN-CENTERED
    SYSTEM OF PLANETARY MOTIONS.
    b. The sun and the celestial bodies that revolve
    around it, including the planets with their satellites,
    comets and meteors, comprise the Solar System.
  • Immanuel Kant, German Philosopher
    Laplace (1796)
    1. Solar system was derived from the
    condensation of dispersed gaseous
    atmosphere surrounding the sun
    b. Increased rotational velocity of this
    atmosphere during condensation of an
    enormously dispersed gaseous atmosphere
    c. produced discoidal shape, the plane of the disk, as critical point
    is reached, centrifugal force throw off part of the gas as a ring and
    materials of each ring assembled into a gaseous globe, which became
    planet
  • PLANETISIMAL THEORY
    1. it supposed that the planetary
    system was formed from materials
    removed from the sun by tidal action
    caused by a passing star
    B. The projection became masses of
    gases that revolved around the sun
    C. The larger bodies attracted
    smaller ones and became PLANETS.
  • DUST CLOUD THEORY (1945)
    formulated by the German physicist Carl Friedrich
    von Weizacken and US Chemist Harold C. Urey
    b. The nebula was assumed to have a composition
    mainly of Hydrogen and helium like the sun, with
    only 1% of heavier elements. The mass of this is
    just 10% of the sun’s mass.
    c. The gas molecules moved faster as they were closer to
    the sun. The interactions produced swirls forming
    lumps in the nebula that could grow to become planets
    and satellites.
  • PROTOPLANET HYPOTHESIS (1949) states that the original nebula was so massive
    on further contraction and flattening, it broke into
    separate clouds or protoplanets.
    b. As they contracted, they developed denser cores
    surrounded by large atmospheres of the lighter
    gases.
    c. Shrinking primitive sun became hot enough to
    emit powerful corpuscular and ultraviolet radiation.
  • Accretion is the process of growth or Increase, typically by the gradual I accumulation of additional layers or matter.
    A planetesimal is an object formed from dust, rock, and other materials.
    A protoplanet is a large planetary embryo that originated within a protoplanetary disc (planet in the making)
  • The Nebular Hypothesis
    1.The temperature increased as the nebula collapsed
    3.Rotation increased with temperature
    Nebula eventually flattened into a disk
    2.As the sun was forming in the center of the nebula, dust particles in the outer regions combined to form planetesimals a few km across
  • T.C. Chamberlain and F. R. Moulton's (1904) planetesimal hypothesis involving a star much bigger than the Sun passing by the Sun and draws gaseous filaments from both out which planetisimals were formed;