Lecture 1

• Nursing is derived from the latin word ‘nurtrire,’ which means ‘nourishing,’
• Mary Seacole, a woman whose been denied to work at the front lines and funded her own trip and established a hospital and respite home for wounded soldiers entirely as a volunteer. 
• Clara Barton volunteered as a nurse during the American Civil War and ultimately established the American Red Cross.
• Mary Mahoney was the first Black nurse to be educated in the U.S. and lead many efforts to improve the nursing profession for all nurses.
• Mary Adelaide Nutting, a suffragette and nurse historian and become the first woman to hold professorship at Columbia University
• Mary Adelaide Nutting she created the first higher education nursing program and was instrumental in the creation of the American Journal of Nursing.
• Lavinia Dock, also a suffragette, worked through the yellow fever epidemic in Florida as well as the Johnstown flood in 1890 before joining a public health nursing organization
• Priest Physicians are called Babaylan

  Herb Doctors are called albularyo
• Josephine Bracken — wife of Jose Rizal, installed a field hospital in an estate house in Tejeros.
• Rosa Sevilla de Alvero — converted their house into quarters for the Filipino soldiers; during the Philippine-American War that broke out in 1899
• Dona Hilaria de Aguinaldo — wife of Emilio Aguinaldo who organized that Filipino Red Cross under the inspiration of Mabini.
• Dona Maria Agoncillo de Aguinaldo — second wife of Emilio Aguinaldo; provided nursing care to Filipino soldiers during the revolution.
• Dona Maria Agoncillo de Aguinaldo - President of the Filipino Red Cross branch in Batangas.
• Melchora Aquino a.k.a. “Tandang Sora” — nursed the wounded Filipino soldiers and gave them shelter and food.
• Capitan Salome — a revolutionary leader in Nueva Ecija; provided nursing care to the wounded when not in combat.
• Agueda Kahabagan — revolutionary leader in Laguna, also provided nursing services to her troops
• Trinidad Tecson (“Ina ng Biak-na-Bato”) — stayed in the hospital at Biak na Bato to care for wounded soldiers
• CHARACTERISTICS OF A  PROFESSION

  • Ethical Behavior
  • Reliable
  • Organized
  • Accountable
  • Positive Attitude
  • Emotional control
• Profession - necessitate continuous learning and staying updated in the field.
• Occupation - may not require ongoing professional development or continuing education.
• Work - the stuff you do on a job, to perform work or fulfill duties regularly for wages or salary, activity involving mental or physical effort done in order to achieve a purpose or result.
• Criteria of a profession

  
  

  • Specialized knowledge-based
  • Based on the scientific method
  • Autonomy, professional, and economic security
• Nurse - One who cares for the sick, the injured, the physically, emotionally, and mentally disabled.
• Nursing (Florence Nightingale)

  Nursing is the act of utilizing environment of the patient to assist him in his recovery
• Nursing (Virginia Henderson)

  Act of asisting the individual, sick or well.
• Nursing Science (Empirical knowing) 

  • In Carper's pattern of knowing in nursing science. empirical knowing refers to knowledge that is gained through observation, experience, and evidence-based practice.
• Nursing Ethics (Ethical knowing)

  •Ethical knowing in nursing ethics focuses on the values, principles, and moral reasoning that guide nursing practice.It involves an awareness of the ethical implications of actions, decisions, and relationships in healthcare settings.
• Nursing Esthetics (Aesthetic knowing)

  •Aesthetic knowing in nursing involves the recognition and appreciation of the unique expressions of each patient's experience, acknowledging the individuality of their responses to illness and healthcare.
• Personal Knowledge (Personal Knowing)

  •In Carper's pattern of knowing, personal knowing refers to the subjective understanding and self-awareness that nurses bring to their practice.
• Barbara Carper, a nursing Professor, is the nurse behind Carper's Pattern of Knowing. Carper first published the science of Knowing in 1978. She believes that the discovery of self and others comes with reflection, synthesis of perception, and connecting to existing knowledge.
• Fidelity – Most of the time, this term is correlated to a marital relationship. However, nurses should have fidelity towards four major parts of her profession: patient, company, community, and environment. Fidelity is being accountable for your actions towards each individual or group you encounter.
• Beneficence and nonmaleficence – These concepts can be seen during rendering nursing care. It is very important that nursing care must do not harm (beneficence) but rather be safe for the patient.
•  Autonomy – The concept of autonomy can be seen during the decision-making of undergoing such procedures whether invasive or not. Informed consent is one example of how a nurse can practice the concept of autonomy. Nurses must be able to accept the fact that an individual may have different cultural and religious backgrounds that could influence his or her submission to medical procedures.
• Rights – According to the Webster dictionary, a right means “something to which one has a just claim or the power or privilege.” One example of rights is often discussed in hospital premises, such as the rights of the patient. Nurses must be aware of these rights since sometimes patients may refuse the nursing care that they could give.
• Civil rights or those rights belonging to individuals by virtue of their citizenship, such as freedom to contract, right to property, and marriage among others;
• Political rights which are rights pertaining to the citizenship of the individual vis-à-vis the administration of the government, such as right of suffrage right to hold office, and right to petition for redress of wrong;

   
• Socio-economic rights or those which ensure the well-being and economic security of an individual; and

   
• Rights of the accused which refer to protections given to the person of an

  accused in any criminal case.
• legal accountability involves following regulations, documenting care accurately, and ensuring patient safety.
•  Moral accountability entails upholding ethical principles such as beneficence, nonmaleficence, autonomy, and justice in all aspects of care delivery.