IM L 1

• DATABASE - is defined as an organized collection of logically related data.
• A database may be of any size and complexity.
• DATA - the term data referred to facts concerning objects and events that could be recorded and stored on computer media.
• Structured Data - Are stored in tabular form (in tables, relations, arrays, spreadsheets, etc.) and are most commonly found in traditional databases and data warehouses.
• Unstructured Data - objects such as documents, e-mails, maps, photographic images, sound, and video segments in addition to structured data
• An EXPANDED definition of DATA is "a stored representation of objects and events that have meaning and importance in the user's environment."
• INFORMATION - as data that have been processed in such a way that the knowledge of the person who uses the data is increased.
• METADATA - are data that describe the properties or characteristics of end-user data and the context of that data. Some of the properties that are typically described include data names, definitions, length

  (or size), and allowable values.
• Data models - Graphical systems which ccapture the nature of and relationships among data and are used at different levels of abstraction as a database is conceptualized and designed.
• An entity is like a noun that it describes a person, a place, an object, an event, or a concept in the business environment for which information must be recorded and retained.
• The data you are interested in capturing about the entity

  (e.g., Customer Name) is called an attribute.
• A relationship is a well-structured database establishes the relationships between entities that exist in organizational data so that desired information can be retrieved. Most relationships are one-to-many (1 :M) or many-to-many (M:N).
• establish the relationships between entities by means of common fields included in a file, called a relation.
• computer-aided software engineering (CASE) tools - are automated tools used to design databases and application programs.
• Repository - is a centralized knowledge base for all data

  definitions, data relationships, screen and report formats, and other system components.
• A DBMS is a software system that is used to create, maintain, and provide controlled access to user databases.
• A database is an organized collection of logically related data, usually designed to meet the information needs of multiple users in an organization.
• Application programs - Computer-based application programs are used to create and maintain the database and provide information

  to.
• System developers are persons such as systems analysts and programmers who design new application programs. System developers often use CASE tools for system requirements analysis and program design.
• End users are persons throughout the organization who add, delete, and modify data in the database and who request or receive information from it.
• Personal databases - are designed to support one user. Personal databases have long resided on personal computers (PCs), including laptops, and increasingly on smartphones and PDAs.
• Workgroup databases - A workgroup is a relatively small team of

  people (typically fewer than 25 persons) who collaborate on the same project or application or on a group of similar projects or applications.
• workgroup databases - These persons might be engaged (for example) with a construction project or with developing a new computer application and need to share data among the group.
• Departmental/divisional databases - To overcome these limitations, most modern applications that need to support a large number of users are built using the concept of multi-tiered architecture.
• Enterprise database - An enterprise is one whose scope is the entire

  organization or enterprise (or, at least, many different departments). Such databases are intended to support organization-wide operations and decision making
• Two major developments of enterprise:

  a. Enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems

  b. Data warehousing implementations