Metals and non metals

• Where are most elements found on the periodic table?

  Towards the bottom left
• What is a key feature of metals?

  They form positive ions when reacting
• What ion does calcium form?

  Calcium two plus ion
• How do non-metals behave in terms of ion formation?

  They either don't form ions or form negative ions
• What ion does chloride form?

  Chloride one minus ion
• Why do atoms need a full outer shell of electrons?

  To be stable
• How does the position of an element in the periodic table affect its ion formation?

  Left elements lose electrons easily
• How many electrons does calcium have in its outer shell?

  Two electrons
• Why is it difficult for chlorine to form a positive ion?

  It would need to lose seven electrons
• How does the reactivity of metals change in the periodic table?

  Increases towards the bottom
• How many shells does lead have?

  Six shells
• Why do outer electrons in lower elements lose more easily?

  They are farther from the nucleus
• What type of bonding do all metals have?

  Metallic bonding
• What are the physical properties of metals?

  • Strong metallic bonds
  • Malleable (can be shaped)
  • Good conductors of heat and electricity
  • High melting and boiling points
  • Shiny appearance
  • Sonorous (create ringing sounds)
• What is a characteristic of non-metals?

  They tend to be dull in color
• How do non-metals behave when struck?

  They easily break
• What is the state of many non-metals at room temperature?

  Gaseous
• How do non-metals compare to metals in terms of density?

  They generally have lower densities
• Where are transition metals located on the periodic table?

  In the center
• What is a unique property of transition metals?

  They can form more than one ion
• What ions can chromium form?

  Two plus, three plus, six plus
• What is a practical feature of transition metals?

  They make very good catalysts
• What is a catalyst?

  Substances that increase reaction rates
• What catalyst is used in the hydrogenation of alkenes?

  Nickel
• What are the differences between metals and non-metals in terms of properties?

  Metals:

  • Shiny, malleable, good conductors
  • High melting and boiling points
  • Form positive ions

  
  

  Non-metals:

  • Dull, brittle, poor conductors
  • Low melting and boiling points
  • Form negative ions or none