Foundation of Ions

• What is an ion?

  A charged particle
• Why do atoms form ions?

  To have a full outer shell for stability
• How are ions formed from atoms?

  Atoms gain or lose electrons
• What does the group number in the periodic table indicate?

  Number of outermost shell electrons
• How many electrons do group one elements have in their outermost shell?

  One electron
• How many electrons do group two elements have in their outermost shell?

  Two electrons
• Why are group one elements likely to form ions?

  They only need to lose one electron
• How do group two elements form ions?

  By losing two electrons
• How do group six elements form ions?

  By gaining two electrons
• How do group seven elements form ions?

  By gaining one electron
• Why do elements in groups three, four, and five rarely form ions?

  They require too much energy to change
• What is the process of ion formation in terms of energy?

  • Atoms lose or gain electrons
  • Requires energy to change electron count
  • Group one and two elements require less energy
  • Groups three, four, and five require more energy
• What are the differences in ion formation among groups in the periodic table?

  • Group one: Lose one electron easily
  • Group two: Lose two electrons easily
  • Group six: Gain two electrons easily
  • Group seven: Gain one electron easily
  • Groups three, four, five: Rarely form ions due to high energy requirement