States of Matter & Changing State

Cards (28)

  • What are the three states of matter?
    Solid, liquid, and gas
  • What does particle theory help explain?
    How particles behave in different states
  • How are particles considered in the particle theory model?
    As small solid inelastic spheres
  • What holds particles together in solids?
    Strong forces of attraction
  • What structure do particles form in solids?
    A regular lattice structure
  • Why do solids have a definite shape and volume?
    Particles are fixed in position
  • What happens to particles in a solid when heated?
    They gain energy and vibrate more
  • What is the temperature at which a solid melts called?
    Melting point
  • What occurs at the melting point?
    Particles break free of their bonds
  • How are particles arranged in liquids?
    Randomly, but fairly compact
  • What allows liquids to flow and change shape?
    Weak forces of attraction
  • What happens to particles in a liquid when heated?
    They gain energy and move faster
  • What is the temperature at which a liquid boils called?
    Boiling point
  • What happens at the boiling point?
    Particles break bonds and evaporate
  • How do gas particles behave compared to solids and liquids?
    They move freely and randomly
  • What is the force of attraction like between gas particles?
    Very weak
  • What does it mean for gases to have random motion?
    Particles can travel in any direction
  • What happens to gas particles when heated?
    They gain energy and travel faster
  • What occurs if a gas is in an expandable container when heated?
    The gas will expand
  • What happens to gas particles when cooled?
    They lose energy and form bonds
  • What is the process called when a gas condenses into a liquid?
    Condensation
  • What happens to particles when a liquid is cooled further?
    They form more bonds and freeze
  • What is the final state of matter when a liquid freezes?
    Solid
  • What is a limitation of the particle model?
    It doesn't accurately represent particle nature
  • What does the particle model fail to include?
    Details of forces between particles
  • Why are models like the particle model useful?
    They simplify complex concepts for understanding
  • What are the key characteristics of solids, liquids, and gases?
    • Solids: Fixed shape and volume, strong attraction
    • Liquids: Definite volume, shape changes, weak attraction
    • Gases: No definite shape or volume, very weak attraction
  • What are the processes of changing states of matter?
    1. Melting: Solid to liquid
    2. Boiling: Liquid to gas
    3. Condensation: Gas to liquid
    4. Freezing: Liquid to solid