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chemistry
C2
States of Matter & Changing State
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Cards (28)
What are the three states of matter?
Solid
,
liquid
, and gas
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What does particle theory help explain?
How particles behave in different
states
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How are particles considered in the particle theory model?
As small
solid
inelastic
spheres
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What holds particles together in solids?
Strong
forces of attraction
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What structure do particles form in solids?
A regular
lattice structure
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Why do solids have a definite shape and volume?
Particles
are fixed in
position
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What happens to particles in a solid when heated?
They
gain
energy
and
vibrate
more
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What is the temperature at which a solid melts called?
Melting point
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What occurs at the melting point?
Particles
break free of their
bonds
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How are particles arranged in liquids?
Randomly, but fairly
compact
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What allows liquids to flow and change shape?
Weak forces of attraction
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What happens to particles in a liquid when heated?
They
gain
energy
and
move
faster
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What is the temperature at which a liquid boils called?
Boiling point
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What happens at the boiling point?
Particles
break bonds and
evaporate
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How do gas particles behave compared to solids and liquids?
They move
freely
and
randomly
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What is the force of attraction like between gas particles?
Very
weak
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What does it mean for gases to have random motion?
Particles
can travel in any direction
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What happens to gas particles when heated?
They gain
energy
and travel faster
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What occurs if a gas is in an expandable container when heated?
The gas will
expand
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What happens to gas particles when cooled?
They
lose energy
and form bonds
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What is the process called when a gas condenses into a liquid?
Condensation
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What happens to particles when a liquid is cooled further?
They form more
bonds
and
freeze
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What is the final state of matter when a liquid freezes?
Solid
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What is a limitation of the particle model?
It doesn't accurately represent
particle nature
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What does the particle model fail to include?
Details of
forces
between particles
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Why are models like the particle model useful?
They simplify
complex
concepts for understanding
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What are the key characteristics of solids, liquids, and gases?
Solids:
Fixed shape and volume
,
strong attraction
Liquids:
Definite volume
,
shape changes
,
weak attraction
Gases: No definite shape or volume,
very weak attraction
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What are the processes of changing states of matter?
Melting
: Solid to liquid
Boiling
: Liquid to gas
Condensation
: Gas to liquid
Freezing: Liquid to solid
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