endo

• consists of glands that produce hormones to

  control the body’s normal functioning.

  regulates how much of

  each hormone is released.

  endocrine system
• are chemical messengers that carry

  instructions to cells to change their

  activities.

  released into the

  bloodstreams.

  Hormones
• is a cell that possesses specific

  receptors for a particular hormone.

  Target cell
• found at the base of the brain.

  Hypothalamus
• stored in the posterior pituitary gland

  Oxytocin & Antidiuretic
• acts on anterior pituitary gland to

  inhibit/stimulate hormone production

  Regulatory hormones
• small, pea-sized gland located

  at the base of the brain below

  the hypothalamus

  Pituitary Gland
• store and release the hormones oxytocin and

  antidiuretic hormone (vasopressin)

  Pituitary Gland (posterior)
• initiates labor in pregnant women;

  initiates milk ejection reflex

  Oxytocin
• stimulates water reabsorption

  by the kidneys.

  Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
• creates and releases over six different hormones,

  which regulate various cellular processes.

  Pituitary Gland (anterior)
• stimulates body growth

  Growth hormone
• promotes lactation

  Prolactin (PRH)
• stimulates follicle maturation,

  production of estrogen & sperm.

  Follicle-stimulating hormone
• triggers ovulation & production

  of estrogen & progesterone and

  promotes sperm production.

  Luteinizing hormone
• stimulates the release of

  triiodothyronine & thyroxine.

  Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
• promotes release of glucocorticoids

  & androgens

  Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
• located just under the larynx

  Thyroid Gland
• increases metabolism & blood

  pressure and regulates tissue growth

  Thyroxine
• regulates (decreases) blood calcium levels

  through uptake by bone.

  Calcitonin
• are four tiny glands embedded in the

  surface of the thyroid.

  Parathyroid Glands
• increases blood calcium

  levels through action on

  bone, kidneys, and

  intestines.

  Parathyroid Hormone
• located inside your abdomen, just behind your

  stomach.

  Pancreas
• reduces blood sugar levels by

  increasing glucose uptake.

  Insulin
• increases blood sugar levels.

  glucagon
• increases blood glucose level

  Glucagon
• decrease blood glucose level.

  insulin
• hormone increases blood

  calcium level

  Parathyroid
• decrease the blood calcium level.

  calcitonin
• located atop of each kidney

  Adrenal glands
• produces adrenalin

  adrenal medulla
• regulates metabolism,

  electrolyte balance, immune

  system, and long-term

  stress response

  adrenal cortex
• short-term stress response:

  increases blood sugar levels,

  regulates blood pressure,

  increases heart rate & blood

  diversion

  both play a role in your body's natural fight-or-flight response to stress

  Epinephrine, Norepinephrine
• blood volume and pressure

  maintenance, and sodium

  and water retention by

  kidneys.

  Glucocorticoids
• These are a pair of egg-shaped glands that sit in

  the scrotum, on the outside of the body.Gonads (testes or testicles)
• affects reproductive maturation

  and sperm production.

  Testosterone and Androgen
• These are small, oval-shaped glands located on

  either side of the uterus.

  Gonads (Ovaries)
• affects reproductive maturation

  and regulation of menstrual cycle

  Estrogen
• affects regulation of menstrual

  cycle; maintains pregnancy.

  Progesterone
• located near the thalamus of the brain

  Pineal Gland