Argument 4

• Arguments consist of a series of propositions that claim the truth of something
• Arguments are derived from the Latin word "arguere," which means to prove, show, or accuse
• Arguments consist of statements divided into two groups: Conclusion (the statement that bears the truth claim) and Premise (the reasons that support or justify the conclusion)
• Forms of reasoning in arguments include inductive reasoning and deductive reasoning
• Inductive reasoning is used when evidence and facts provided to support the conclusion only make it seem likely to be true
• Deductive reasoning has logical certitude because the conclusion necessarily follows from the premises
• Inference is the process of deriving a conclusion from the premises
• Propositions are declarative sentences that assert something and serve as the building blocks of an argument
• Compound propositions are statements consisting of more than one assertion or truth claim
• Premise refers to the propositions that support and justify the conclusion
• Conclusion refers to the propositions derived from the premises through the process of reasoning
• Valid arguments have a logical flow or structure, with the premises supporting the conclusion so that the argument appears to be self-evident and logically true
• An argument can be valid but have false components or premises
• Sound arguments are concerned with both the validity and the truth value of the component propositions in an argument
• 2 types of proposition

  Inductive reasoning deductive reasoning