Quiz II

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Cards (24)

Solar radiation often called the solar resource or just sunlight, general term for the electromagnetic radiation emitted by the sun
electromagnetic spectrum is the range of frequencies of electromagnetic radiation and their respective wavelengths and photon energies
Solar Radiation Loss
Reflected from/by:
surface - 4%
atmosphere - 6%
clouds - 20%
Absorbed by:
surface - 51%
atmosphere and clouds - 19%
Weather - short term atmospheric conditions
climate - weather of a specific region averaged over a long period of time
climate change - long-terms changes of the climate system
temperature - major environmental factor controlling microbial growth
minimum temp. - temp. below which growth ceases/ lowest temp. at which microbes will grow
optimum temp. - temp. at which the growth rate of a microbe is the fastest
maximum temp. - temp. above which growth ceases/highest temp. at which microbes will grow
acidophile - microbe with optimum in pH range 1-4
alkaliphiles - microbe with pH range 8.5-11
lactic acid bacteria - microbe with pH 4-7
Thiobacillus thiooxidans - bacteria with pH 2.2-2.8
fungi can grow in pH 4-6
organisms which thrive in high solute – osmophiles
organisms which thrive in high pressure – barophiles
Xerophiles : are able to grow in very dry environments
Siderophores : Iron-binding agents that cells produce to obtain iron from various insoluble minerals.
Toxic O2 products can be converted to harmless substances if the organism has catalase (or peroxidase) and superoxide dismutase (SOD)
SOD converts O2 - into H2O2 and O2
Catalase breaks down H2O2 into H2O and O2
Biofloc technology (BT) is defined as 'the use of
aggregates of bacteria, algae, or protozoa, held together in a matrix along with particulate organic matter for the purpose of improving water quality, waste treatment and disease prevention in intensive aquaculture systems
Phyllosphere is the aerial region of the plant
colonized by microbes, its colonists are often called epiphytes