mitosis

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  Mitosis-the process by which a cell nucleus divides to produce 2 daughter nuclei containing identical sets of chromsomes to the parent cell.​

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  Meiosis- division into four unique daughters cells with half the chromosomes of the parent cell
• Interphase- This is the period of synthesis and growth. No division takes place. DNA replication occurs.  NOT PART OF MITOSIS​

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  Nuclear division- nucleus divides either into 2 (Mitosis) or 4 meiosis​

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  Cytokinesis- follows nuclear division, process by which the cytoplasm divides ​
• label

  A) prophase

  B) metaphase

  C) anaphase

  D) telophase

  E) growth and normal metabolic role

  F) DNA replication

  G) growth and preparation for mitosis

  
• During interphase DNA replication takes place.  During replication the DNA makes a copy of itself.​

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  During interphase chromosome material is in the form of loosely coiled  threads called chromatin.​
• During mitosis, the double chromosomes are pulled apart as each new set of 46 chromosomes moves to opposite ends of the cell. Two nuclei then form. The cytoplasm and cell membrane then divides and two identical cells are produced.
• label

  A) interphase

  B) prophase

  C) anaphase

  D) metaphase

  E) telophase

  F) daughter cells

  
• prophose

  • Chromosomes condense (shorten and thicken)​
  • Become visible as double structures​
  • The nuclear envelop starts to break down ​
  • Centrioles move to opposite poles​
  • Begin to produce spindle fibres 
• metaphase

  • Spindle fibres completely formed​
  • Chromosomes line up on the equator/middle of the cell​
  • Centromeres of chromosomes attach to the spindle fibres 
• Anaphase

  • Spindle fibres contract/shorten​
  • Splits the centromere​
  • Pulls apart chromosomes​
  • Chromatids move to opposite poles- now called chromosomes 
• Telophase

  • Spindle fibres break down​
  • Nuclear envelope reforms around the chromosomes at each pole​
  • Chromosomes uncoil ready for interphase
• • Cytokinesis, the division of the cytoplasm to form two new cells.​
  • This stage generally follows telophase and leads into G1 phase of interphase.​
  •  animal cells divides their cytoplasm by indenting (furrowing) their cell surface membrane