Religious Change

• What were her goals?

  Restore Papal Authority

  Restore traditional Catholic practices

  Restore belief in Transubstantiation

  Re-establish religious houses

  End clerical marriage and the status of priests

  Secure long term Catholicism for her country
• What problems did she face?

  Strong protestant minority

  Protestant church was protected by statute law

  Greedy nobles and clergy - gained money from dissolution of monasteries and didn't want to give it back
• What did she use her first parliament form and when was is?

  1547

  Repealed all of Edward's laws and put the state back into play
• What was the issue with Statute Law vs. Divine Law?

  They contradicted one another. If she wanted to make changes to religion she had to pass statute law, meaning she would be acknowledging its legitimacy.
• What was Mary's relationship with role like?

  Complicated
• What did Pope Julius III want her to do?

  Submit the English Church to Rome before deciding what to do with the lands lost in the break.
• What was Cardinal Pole's role?

  He was sent to England as papal legate, sorted the property issue making landowners dislike him
• When did pope Paul IV come to power?

  1555, he was anti-Spanish, anti-Philip, anti-cardinal pole.
• What was Mary and Pope Paul's relationship like?

  They were eventually at war
• Pope Paul sacked Pole in 1557 with what claim?

  the claim of Heresy
• The pope appointed William Peto as the new legate, what was Mary's view?

  She refused to acknowledge him and continued to use pole
• How Catholic was England by 1558?

  Pole and Mary set out new expectations of the clergy:

  1. You must reside in your dioceses or parish
  2. You must preach
  3. You must oversee the religious lives of your parishes and parishioners
• What was Wyatt's rebellions?

  Armed rebellion led by Edward Courtenay as figurehead, other men included Thomas Wyatt.
• What were the aims of the rebellion?

  Unclear aims, either to stop the Spanish marriage or remove Mary as Queen
• What were the consequences?

  Lady jane Grey executed (16)

  Elizabeth arrested and imprisoned but not executed

  Wyatt was hung, drawn and quartered
• Nov 1553:

  • Rebellion planned in Devon, Hertfordshire, Leicestershire, and Kent
  • Edward Courtenay leads Devon uprising
• Early-Jan 1554:

  • Rebellion plans leaked
  • Only serious uprising in Kent led by Sir Thomas Wyatt
• 25 Jan 1554:

  • Wyatt raises standard in Maidstone, signifying rebellion's start
• 28 Jan 1554:

  • Duke of Norfolk's force unable to engage rebels
  • Norfolk forced to retreat
• 1 Feb 1554:

  • Queen Mary I gains support with speech at Guildhall, London
• 3 Feb 1554:

  • Rebels reach Southwark but are prevented from entering city; critical turning point
• 6 Feb 1554:

  • Rebels move to Kingston upon Thames, camp in Hyde Park before moving towards London
• 7 Feb 1554:

  • Rebels engage at Ludgate
  • Wyatt surrenders at Temple Bar on edge of City of London