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Chemistry:
structure and bonding:
Different forms of carbon:
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Cards (9)
Allotropes
are
different forms
of the same
element
Small
covalent molecules have
low
melting/boiling points due to
weak intermolecular
forces
Giant
covalent molecules are always
solids
at room temperature with
high
melting/boiling points because of millions of
strong
covalent bonds
Diamond
:
Made
from
carbon
Each carbon atom
is
joined
to
four
other
carbon
atoms by
strong covalent bonds
Cannot conduct electricity
because
electrons do not carry
a
charge
Silicon dioxide:
Elements
silicon
and
oxygen
are covalently bonded
Has a
high
melting/boiling point due to many
strong
covalent bonds
Graphite:
Made
from
carbon
Each
carbon
atom forms
3
covalent bonds with other
carbon
atoms
Hexagonal rings
formed by
carbon
atoms
Soft
and
slippery
due to
layers
with no
covalent
bonds allowing atoms to
slide
Good
conductor
of
heat
and
electricity
due to
delocalized
electrons
Graphene:
Single layer
of
graphite
,
one atom thick
Extremely strong
Good conductor
of
electricity
due to
delocalized electrons
Fullerenes:
Molecules
of
carbon
atoms with
hollow
shapes
Usually have
hexagonal
rings with rings of
5
or
7
carbon atoms
Used for
catalysts
to
speed
up
chemical
reactions
Lubricating
properties to prevent
moving
parts from
smashing
together
Carbon Nanotubes:
Fullerenes
shaped into
long
cylinders
Can be
stretched
without
breaking
Good
conductor
of
heat
and
electricity