Module 3. Types of Circuits

• Series Circuit: A circuit in which the current is the same all branches.
• Parallel Circuit: A circuit with multiple paths to complete the loop, where the total resistance is less than any individual branch.
• Resistor Color Code: The color code on resistors indicates their value and tolerance.
• Power (P) can be calculated using P = IV or P = VI
• A series-parallel combination has two parallel circuits connected in series.
• In a series-parallel combination, the equivalent resistance is found first, then the current through that resistance is determined, and finally the current through each branch is computed.
• Voltage is measured in volts (V), while current is measured in amperes (A). Resistance is measured in ohms (Ω).
• Ohm's Law states that the current flowing through a conductor between two points is directly proportional to the potential difference across the two points, provided other factors affecting the resistance are constant.
• The formula for calculating power is P = V x I.
• Kirchhoff's Current Law (KCL): The sum of all currents entering a junction must equal the sum of all currents leaving it.
• Resistors in series add up mathematically.
• Kirchhoff's Voltage Law (KVL): In any closed loop or circuit, the algebraic sum of all voltages around the loop must be zero.
• There are three types of circuits: series, parallel, and series-parallel combinations.