BIOCHEM TABLES

• heat - disrupts hydrogen bonds; produces coagulation
• microwave radiation - causes violent vibrationi
• ultraviolent radiation - operates similarly to heat
• violent whipping or shaking - causes molecules with globular shapes to extend longer lengths then entage
• detergnt - affect R groups
• organic solvents - interfere with R roups, denature proteeins and killing them
• strong acids and base: disrupt hydrogen bonds and salt bridges
• salts of heavy metals: metaal ions with SH to form poisonous salts
• reducing agents - reduce disulfide linkkage to produce SH groups
• Fibrous protein (insoluble) - keratins, collagens, elastins, myosins, fibrins
• globular proteins (soluble) - myosin, insulin, immunoglobulins, transferrin, hemoglobin
• keratins - found in wool, feathers, hooves, silkk, fingernails
• collagens - found in tendons, bone and otheer connective tissue
• elastins - found in blood vessels and ligaments
• myosins - found in muscle tissue
• fibrin - found in blood clots
• insulin - regulatory hormone for controlling glucose metabolism
• myoglobin - involved in oxygen storage in muscles
• hemoglobin - oxygen transport in blood
• transferrin - iron transport in blood
• immunoglobulins - involved in immune system response
• Catalytic - biochemical catalysts / enzymes (ex: ALT, AST)
• Defense: bind to foreign substances to help combat invasion of the body by foreign particle (ex: immunogloblins , antibodies)
• Transport: bind to smaller biomoleecules and transport in other locations
• Messenger: transmmits signals to cordinate biochemical processes (ex: insulin, glucagon)
• Contractile: undergo conformation changes that involve contraction and extension (ex: actin, myosin, flagella of sperm)
• Structural: confer stiffness and rigidity (ex: collagen, keratin)
• Transmembrane: help control the movement of small molecules and ions through the cell membrane (ex: integral membrane protein)
• Storage: bind and store small molcules for suture use (ex: ferritin, myoglobin)
• Regulatory: often "embedded" (ex: transcription factors)
• nutrient: nourishment, renewal and repair to continuance of life (ex: casein, ovalbumin)
• oxidases: oxidation of substrate
• reductases: reduction of substratee
• transminases - transfer of an amino group
• kinases: transfer of a phosphate group between substrates
• lipass: hydrolysis of ester linkage in lipids
• proteases: hydrolysis of amino linkkages
• nucleases: hydrolysis of sugar-phosphate ester bonds in nucleic acid
• carbohydrates: hydrolysis of glycosidic bonds in carbohydrates
• phosphatases: hydrolysis of phosphate-ester bonds