Robbery

• sentencing ranges from community order to 12 years in prison
• Definition s8 Theft act - a person is guilty of robbery if he steals and immediately before or at the time of doing so, uses force on any person or seeks to put any person in fear of being subjected of force
• Theft - ( Waters ) there must be a completed theft for a robbery to have been committed. A02 all theft steps including 5 dishonestly steps.
• definition ' Force is not defined it is an ordinary word which is left for the jury to decide whether the defendant used force in order to steal '
• force doesn't need to be substantial. A mere nudge is sufficient ( Dawson and james )
• indirect force can amount to force ( Clouden )
• if force is too trivial then it would not amount to force thus no robbery ( P v DPP )
• dont need to show that the victim feels threatened, just the defendants actions could be an implied threat of force - can be on any person ( B & R V DPP )
• Appropriation in robbery is a continuing act ( Hale )
• Force must be used in order to steal. Force used for another purpose does not become robbery if defendant later decides to steal ( Lockley )
• Intent ot use the force to steal ( Forrester )