Week 2- Electrolyte imbalance

• what percentage of water are adults made of?

  60% water more than a child and less than an older adult percentage wise.
• where is water situated in the body’s fluid compartments?


  The water in our body is separated into two main compartments the Intracellular contains 66% body water and

  extracellular contains 33% body part it contains two subsections ( interstitial 25% and plasma 8%). -2/3 of body fluid is found inside the cell and 1/3 outside the cell. 80% of the extra cellular fluid is found inside the interstitial compartment and 20% in the intravascular compartment.

  • NOT SURE IF CORRECT TWO DIF ANWSERS HERE
• Electrolyte Composition of body fluids ECF and ICF? where does water move if ECF becomes hypertonic? where does water move if ECF becomes hypotonic?

  ECF= Extracellular fluid

  ICF= intracellular fluid

  if fluid is hypertonic it means it has a higher concentration of solutes(electrolytes) meaning a higher insularity so will attract water

  if fluid is hypotonic it means lower conc of solutes so less conc in general and the cell will have a higher conc of solutes so water will move into the cells, water follows solutes

  
• What is diffusion?

  Passive movement of particles, no energy required, important in transport of gases, sometimes needs transport system to help it in the form of facilitated transport,
• what’s filtration?

  hydrostatic pressure, when differences in water volume, hydrostatic pressure occurs at tissue capillary level, especially in edema where water is pushed through which is a hydrostatic movement
• what’s osmosis?


  water moves between the two compartments (ECF and ICF)- from higher to lower concentration of water
• what’s active transport?

  molecules move against the cone gradient- requires ATP, used to control cell volume
• The nurse monitors the fluid and electrolyte status of the older adult with the knowledge that impairment of the thirst mechanism may lead to:

  A hypernatraemia

  B cellular oedema

  C isotonic fluid deficit

  D decreased production of ADH

  A
• Describe the intracellular compartment? Describe the extra cellular compartment?

  the intracellular compartment is the space inside the cell and the fluid inside it is called the intracellular fluid.

  The extra cellular compartment is found inside the cell and the fluid outside the cell is extra cellular fluid, this compartment has two subsections the interstitial and intravascular compartment. 80% of extra cellular fluid is in the intersitial compartment and 20% in the intramuscular compartment as plasma
• Explain the composition of body fluid

  body fluid is composed of water & dissolved substances such as electrolytes (sodium, potassium and chloride), gases (oxygen and carbon dioxide), nutrients, enzymes and hormones . water plays an important part in cellular function.