Globalisation

• Held et al


  There has been a globalisation of crime - an increasing interconnectedness of crime across national borders. The same processes that have brought about the globalisation of legitimate activities have also brought about the spread of transnational international crime.
• Castells

  Global crimes:

  arms trafficking

  trafficking in nuclear materials

  smuggling of illegal immigrants

  trafficking in women and children

  sex tourism

  trafficking in body parts

  cyber crimes

  green crimes

  international terrorism

  smuggling of legal goods

  trafficking in cultural artefacts

  trafficking in endangered species

  drugs trade

  money laundering
• Taylor


  Globalisation has given free reign to market forces, creating greater inequality and therefore rising crime.
• Winlow

  Bouncers in the north east:

  loss of traditionally male jobs - crisis in masculinity - service sector jobs - bouncers - turn to crime to express masculinity
• Hobbs & Dunningham


  Glocal crime

  globalisation led to crime having international links whilst still being rooted in its local context
• Glenny


  McMafia

  crime being ‘sold’