geography

• the characteristics of cities are large population size, high population density, dense built up area and a range of functions
• population density= number of people in an area/land area
• providing safe housing affordable for the masses and providing a variety of transportation modes help improve the quality of life
• air pollution can cause respiratory diseases like asthma, lung cancer and bronchitis
• water pollution is caused by sewage discharge, industrial waste, agricultural runoff and oil spills
• reduce water pollutions by water treatment ponds, where rainwater and excess nutrients are collected and purified
• disallow unsafe locations to be used for construction
• opportunities of cities: developed infrastructure so business thrives. it also provides educational opportunities as they have educational institutions
• challenges faced by cities: water pollution as waste water is not disposed properly. when people consume contaminated water, might lead to water borne illnesses
• air pollution will be a result of vehicle exhuast and the burning of fossil fuelss in power plants which can lead to respiratory diseases like lung cancer, asthma and bronchitis
• there is also a competition for natural resources as there is limited space for agriculture and it might not be sufficient for the large population as there are different needs to meet