Lesson 1.2

• Plant tissues


  Organs allows the plant to live and grow
• Root


  Anchors the plant to the soil for support, absorb water & minerals from the soil
• Stem


  Main axis of the plant together with its branches. Functions as support & transport nutrients absorb by the roots to the leaves
• Leaves


  Responsible for manufacture of food by PHOTOSYNTHESIS
• 2 main types of tissues in vascular plantsPermanent tissue

  xylem
• Permanent tissues


  Made up of one type of cells
• Tissues & cell types of flowering plants

  Surface, Fundamental, Vascular
• Meristems


  Plant tissue that remains embryonic as long as the plant lives, allowing for indeterminate growth.
• apical meristem


  Found in the tip of stems/roots
• Lateral Meristem


  Found in the nodes of stems & involved in the formation of branches
• Cambium


  Ring of meristematic tissues found inside a mature stem.
• vascular cambium


  Produces new layers of vascular tissues
• cork cambium


  Produces new layers of syrface tissues called cork.
• Surface tissues protect

  Dermal tissues cover & protect the surface of the diff plant organs.
• Cutin


  Outer cell wall of the epidermis
• Epidermis


  Found in the outer layer of leaves, stems, root
• Stomata


  Leaf opening of the gas exchange
• Cork


  Covers the outer surface of the bark of woody stem
• 3 types of Cells

  parenchyma, collenchyma, sclerenchyma
• parenchyma cells


  Found in leaves, stems, flowers that contains plastids.
• collenchyma cells


  Main function is to support. Found in the areas that growing rapidly and needed to be strengthened.
• sclerenchyma cells


  protects seeds and support the plants
• 2 types of sclerenchyma cells

  sclereids and fibers
• Vascular Tissues Transport


  Complex conducting tissues that extend from the root to the leaves
• 2 types of vascular tissue

  xylem and phloem
• Xylem


  Transports water & minerals from roots to the leaves (contains parenchyma cells)
• Phloem


  Transports organic nutrients in both directions along the length of the plant. (Contains living cells called sieve tube, are elongated cells)
• 2 types of conducting cells

  Tracheids

  Vessel Elements
• Tracheids


  elongated cell with closed, tapered ends
• Vessel Elements


  Hallow & nonliving but larger without end walls
• Sieve tube


  Elongated cells with few organelles
• Angiosperm


  flowering plants
• 2 system of angiosperm

  Root system

  Shoot system
• Root system


  Found underground and consists of roots only
• Shoot system


  Found above the ground
• Leaves


  Chief organs of plants for photosynthesis
• Apical Bud


  End of the stem
• Axillary Bud


  Branches grow from the lateral bud
• Node


  Formed between the leaf attached to the stem
• Internode


  space between nodes