Investigating the brain HT: Homeostasis and response: Biology: GCSE (9:1)

• Brain

  A mass of nerve tissue consisting of billions of interconnected neurones that acts as the main control centre of the nervous system

  
• Brain mapping


  A set of neuroscience techniques used to create a map of the various brain areas and their functions

  
• Neuroscientist


  A scientist who studies the brain and nervous system
• Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

  Can be used to look at which parts of the brain are most active during certain activities

  
• MRI scanner


  A type of scanner that uses strong magnetic fields and radio waves to produce images of inside of the body

  
• Electrical stimulation


  Can be used to look at behaviour in response to stimulation and narrow down specific brain regions to their functions

  
• Electroencephalogram (EEG)


  A test that detects and records electrical activity in the brain

  
• Examine brain damage

  To look at areas of damage and link these areas to their function by seeing what effects the damage causes

  
• Brain damage


  Injury to a particular part or parts of the brain
• Brain surgery

  Needed to remove tumours or excess fluid such as blood

  
• Complex structures


  It can be difficult to work out which parts carry out what function
• Delicate and easy to damage

  Brain examination should ideally be non-invasive to prevent injury and brain surgery should be carefully carried out
• Difficult to access the brain

  A complication of brain investigation that can be overcome using techniques such as EEG or MRI scanners

  
• Consequences of brain surgery

  There is a possibility of damaging the brain further or side effects can be created which can affect quality of life
• Brain disease

  Damage to the brain caused by illness or trauma