Operation of transportation
Conditions on the ships were terrible: half the convicts died of typhoid and cholera en route and never made it to their destination.
Despite some relatively short sentences, there was no procedure for return after the sentence expired.
If settlement was to be made permanent, families were permitted to join the convict, but in many cases they never saw their families again.
Often, Governors of regions where convicts were sent were given no instructions of how the convicts were to be employed