Health and the People

• When was the Great Stink?


  Summer 1858
• When was the First Public Health Act?

  1848
• When was the Second Public Health Act?

  1875
• Who wrote the 'Report on the Sanitary Conditions of the Labouring Population of Great Britain's?

  Edwin Chadwick
• Where was the water pump that John Snow dealt with?

  Broad St, Soho, London
• How much was Bazalgette given and to build what and when?

  £3 million to build 83 miles of sewers in 1858
• When were the sewers finished?

  1866
• How many people were killed in the first outbreak of Cholera?

  50,000 people
• When was the Vaccination Act and what did this do?

  1853 - Smallpox vaccination was made compulsory
• When was the Sanitary Act and what did this do?

  1866 - Towns had to have a health inspector and were made responsible for sewers, water and street cleaning
• When was the Artisans Dwellings Act and what did this do?

  1875 - Councils had the power to buy and demolish slum housing.
• When was the Sale of Food and Drugs Act and what did this do?

  1875 - Guidelines set up to check the quality of food and medicine before it was sold to the public.
• What was the 'Laissez Faire' government?

  French for 'leave alone' meaning that the government shouldn't interfere the lives of ordinary people.
• What were Magic Bullets?

  Chemicals that would kill certain specific bacteria while leaving other cells untouched.
• What were Magic Bullets used for?

  Syphilis, Meningitis, Pneumonia, Scarlet Fever.
• When was the Human Genome Project?

  1990 to 2003
• When was the first open heart surgery?

  1950
• When was the first pacemaker fitted?

  1958
• When was the first heart transplant?

  1967
• When were the first skin grafts grown?

  1984
• When was the first full face transplant?

  2008
• How many people had consulted alternative healers?

  1 in 5
• When was the Boer War?

  1899
• How many who volunteered were unfit for the Boer War?

  40%
• When did the Liberal Party win the general election?

  1906
• What were Seebohm Rowntree find?

  28% of the population didn't have the minimum amount of money to live in.
• What did Charles Booth find?

  30% of people in London were in poverty. He and his team investigated the living conditions of over 4,000 people for 17 years.
• When was the Free School Meals Act and what did this do?

  1906 - Local councils provided school meals for poor children. By 1914 over 158,000 children had free school meals everyday.
• When were School Clinics introduced and what did they do?

  1907 - Government paid for school clinics to be set up with free treatment.
• When was the Pensions Act?

  1909
• When was the Children and Young People's Act and what did this do?

  1908 - Children now 'protected persons'. Parents now broke the law if they neglected their children.
• When was the National Insurance Act and what did this do?

  1911 - Introduced unemployment benefits, free medical treatment and sickness pay, Britain's first job centres were set up.
• When was the Beveridge Report and what was this?


  1942 - A recommendation that the government should provide a welfare state in order to take more responsibility of looking after people.
• How many books did Galen publish?

  Over 350 which were eventually sent throughout Europe and the Islamic Empire and became accepted medical texts.
• Who created the theory of the Four Humours?

  Hippocrates
• What did medieval barber-surgeons do?

  Carry out minor operations, set broken bones or pull teeth. They were more common than medieval doctors and had to serve and apprenticeship to become qualified who mainly learnt on the battlefield.
• What did Wise Women do?


  Provide traditional remedies for illnesses as well as first aid and supernatural cures and would act as midwives.
• What did Apothecary's do?

  Sell herbs and spices and would sell simple medicines but would have to serve an apprenticeship for 7 years first.
• How many hospitals were started between 1000 and 1500?

  700
• How many patients could hospitals provide for and what did they do to treat them?

  12 - Prayers, Pilgrimages, Care not cure.