a ban on the production, sale, and consumption of alcohol, achieved temporarily through state laws and the 18th Amendment
initiative
Procedure by which citizens can introduce a subject for legislation, usually through a petition signed by a specific number of voters
referendum
submission of a law, proposed or already in effect, to a direct popular vote for approval or rejection
recall
The process of removing an official from office by popular vote, usually after using petitions to call for such a vote
Sherman Antitrust Act
The first federal antitrust measure, passed in 1890; sought to promote economic competition by prohibiting business combinations in restraint of trade or commerce
Hepburn Act
act that strengthened the Interstate Commerce Commission by authorizing it to set maximum railroad rates and inspect financial records
Food and Drug Act
Act that established the Food and DrugAdministration, which tested and approved drugs before they went on the market
New Freedom
Woodrow Wilson's1912 program for limited government intervention in the economy to restore competition by curtailing the restrictive influences of trusts and protective tariffs, thereby providing opportunities for individual achievement
Underwood-Simmons Act
Reform law that lowered tariff rates and levied the first regular federal income tax
16th Amendment
authorized a federal income tax
Federal Reserve Act
the 1913 law that revised banking and currency by extending limited government regulation through the creation of the Federal Reserve System
Clayton Antitrust Act
replaced the old Sherman Act of 1890 as the nation's basic antitrust law. It exempted unions from being construed as illegal combinations of trade, and it forbade federal courts from issuing injunctions against strikers
Federal Trade Commission
government agency established in 1914 to provide regulatory oversight of business activity
