Education sociologists
Cards (100)
- 60 chicago High School teachers judge based on how closely pupils fit the image of 'ideal pupil'- usually m/c
- W/C Aspen primaries see behaviour as more important in ideal pupil, but M/C Rowan schools see personality and ability as important
- Schools reproduce w/c underachievement by normalising it
- American kindergartens- tigers and clowns/cardinals
- Spurters chosen at random. Studied a year later and found to have made progress due to self-fulfilling prophecy
- Teachers use stereotypical notions of 'ability' to stream pupils, and this links to league table competition- a-c economy.
- Educational triage
- Subcultures develop by whose ideas of differentiation and polarisation?
- A comprehensive school got rid of banding, so no basis for polarisation but differentiation still occured
- Ingratation, ritualism, retreatism, rebellion
- Pupils move between responses
- Pupil class identities and the school
- Symbolic capital and symbolic violence
- W/C boys who got in to a grammar school found conflict between conforming to their school's m/c habitus, and their neighbourhoods w/c habitus
- 21 w/c girls studying for A-Levels- reluctant to apply for elite unis, and attached to local area
- Where parents use evaluative phrases in speech, cognitive performance improves.
- More educated parents use more evaluative phrases and praise more
- Language used in lower classes is deficient
- Restricted and elaborated codes
- w/c parents place less value on education so are less ambitious for their children
- W/c parents are often less educated and so can't help their kids as much
- Fatalism, collectivism, immediate gratification and present time orientation as barriers to w/c educational success
- Cultural deprivation theory is victim blaming
- Problem is not children's language, but school's attitude towards it
- Poorer children have lower intakes of energy, vitamins and minerals, and poor nutrition leads to poorer health and energy
- Among ten year olds, the lower the social class, the more hyperactive
- Lower income families engage more in externalising behaviour
- Costs of free schooling
- Material deprivation has the biggest effect
- People who read complex literature, go to the theatre and watch documentaries etc have better vocabularies and cultural knowledge
- Selection by mortgage
- Language spoken by low-income black families is inadequate for educational success
- Because many black families are headed by a lone mother, the children are deprived of adequate care, because she has to struggle financially in the absence of a male breadwinner, and there are a lack of male role models for the boys
- High rate of lone parenthood and lack of role models leads to underachievement amongst some minorities
- Low achievement levels of some minorities as a result of failure to embrace mainstream British culture
- Heritage is an issue for black Caribbean families, whose ancestry was linked to slavery- lost cultural heritage then
- Racism is present but not centred or powerful enough to create underachievement
- Ethic minorities more likely to see education as a way up in society
- Ethnic minority pupils more likely to aspire to go to uni than white british
- Cultural deprivation theory ignores positive effects of ethnicity on achievement. E.G. black caribbean family provides girls with good role model