PurCom

• Communication involves the exchange of ideas from one person to another
• The word "communication" comes from the Latin word "comunicare," meaning "to share or to make common"
• Communication can be expressed through verbal and non-verbal means
• The survival of mankind depends on how effective and efficient inner and interpersonal communication is
• Communication is a complex process that is both two-way and continuing
• Nature of Communication:

  • Two-way and One-way Communication
  • Verbal and Non-Verbal Communication
  • Formal and Informal Communication
  • Personal & Impersonal Communication
• Two-way Communication receives feedback, while One-way Communication does not
• Verbal Communication involves the use of words, either oral or written
• Non-verbal Communication is a type of communication without the use of words, including body language, facial expressions, and eye contact
• Formal Communication is done in a business setting such as business meetings, letters, memos, and reports
• Informal Communication is done in informal settings like hallways, corridors, canteens, etc.
• Personal Communication occurs between related individuals like family, relatives, or friends
• Impersonal Communication occurs between unrelated individuals like strangers or acquaintances
• Factors involved in Communication:

  • Identify the content to be covered
  • Know the communication climate
  • Learn how to tune in to the other person
• Three Sensory Process Types:

  • Visual
  • Auditory
  • Kinesthetic
• Communication Process:

  • Sender: Initiates the communication process and conceptualizes the message
  • Receiver: Decodes the message to understand it
  • Channel: The method used to transmit the message
  • Message: The final concept of the idea formulated by the sender
  • Feedback: The response sent by the receiver in response to the message received
• Lexical Component:

  • Words
  • Parts of the Words
  • Phrasal Verbs
  • Collocations
  • Idioms
  • Sentence Frames
• Non-Lexical Component:

  • Body Language
  • Paralanguage
  • Presuppositions
  • Cultural and Environmental Conditions
• Words may be used alone or with others to form a sentence
• Parts of Words:

  • Verbs followed by a preposition or an adverb
  • Example: point out, fill out, pass away, dress up
• Phrasal Verbs:

  • A pair or group of words habitually used together
  • Sound correct together
• Collocations:

  • Combinations of words whose collective meaning is not predictable from those of the individual words
  • Understood by a native speaker
• Idioms:

  • Examples: once in a blue moon, barking up the wrong tree, a piece of cake, apple of my eye
• Sentence Frames:

  • Provide a structure or skeleton for a complete sentence
  • Used in collaborative discussions
• Body Language:

  • Gestures
  • Facial Expressions
  • Eye Contact
  • Body Stance
• Gestures:

  • Executed using facial muscles
  • Techniques: Intensify, De-intensify, Neutral, Mask
• Facial Expressions:

  • Intensify: Show strong emotions
  • De-Intensify: Control feelings
  • Neutral: Show no feelings
  • Mask: Convince, ask favor, avoid hurting feelings
• Eye Contact:

  • Indicates interest or discomfort
  • Lack of eye contact may signal insincerity
• Body Stance:

  • Study of people's use of space
  • Relays information about personality traits
• Proxemics:

  • Personal Space
  • Intimate Space
  • Social Space
  • Public Space
• Paralanguage:

  • Vocal Characterizers
  • Vocal Qualifiers
  • Vocal Segregates
• Presuppositions:

  • Assumptions implied in an utterance
  • Linguistic shorthand
• Cultural and Environmental Conditions:

  • Culture
  • Environmental conditions
• Intrapersonal Communication:

  • Type of communication where individuals talk to or communicate with themselves
• Interpersonal Communication:

  • Spoken or nonverbal exchange of information, ideas, and emotions between two or more individuals
• Different Forms of Interpersonal Communication:

  • Dyadic Communication
  • Small Group Communication
  • Public Communication
  • Mass Communication (also known as the "one is to many" type of communication)
• Mass Communication can be classified into two categories: Old Media and New Media
• Common Barriers to Effective Communication:

  • Use of Jargons
  • Emotional Factors
  • Entertaining Distractions
  • Differences in Perspective
  • Physical Disabilities
  • Physical Barriers
  • Expectations and Prejudices
  • Cultural Differences
• Language Differences are a common barrier to effective communication