Biology - Data Test

• What is the formula for new field of view diameter?

  low power magnification/new magnification x provided value
• What is an enzyme?

  a catalyst in living organisms that regulate the rate of chemical reactions without being altered in the process
• What is a denatured enzyme?

  An enzyme that has lost its normal tertiary structure
• What happens when an enzyme is denatred?

  It isn't able to function
• Factors affecting reaction rate?

  Temperature, pH, concentration, presence of inhibitors
• How does temperature effect reaction rate?

  When temperature increases more collisions occur
• How does pH affect reaction rate?


  If the pH increases or decreases from its optimal rate, the enzyme denatures
• How does concentration affect reaction rate?

  The higher concentration of reactants, the more products are made until the enzyme molecules are working at max capacity
• How do enzymes fill?

  The enzyme active sites combine with the substrates, thus forming a product
• what happens when all active sites are full?

  The enzyme works at it's maximum capacity until the active site is denatured and unable to function
• What is amylase?


  Breaks down carbs into sugar
• What is protease?

  Breaks down proteins into amino acids
• What is Liapase?

  Breaks down lipids into fatty acids and glycerol
• What is a non-competitive inhibitor?

  A molecule that binds to an enzyme at a site other than the active site
• What is a competitive inhibitor?

  A substance that competes with a substrate for an enzymes active site
• What is facilitated diffusion?

  A type of passive transport where molecules diffuse with assistance from membrane proteins
• What is simple diffusion?

  Passive transport where molecules diffuse unassisted
• What is active transport?

  Movement against concentration gradient from low to high concentration which uses energy
• What is passive transport?

  Movement from high to low concentration until equilibrium is reached with no use of energy
• what is the R squared value?

  level of uncertainty
• what does 0.95 and above mean?

  the data has low uncertainty, or is certain
• what does an R squared value below 0.95 mean?

  the data is uncertain
• What is the purpose of the arteries?

  takes oxygenated blood away from the heart
• What is the purpose of the veins?

  Brings deoxygenated blood back to the heart
• What are the capillaries?

  Small, thin, permeable network that surrounds all organs
• What do reactant do enzymes bind to?

  Substrates
• What is a monomer?

  A small molecule that acts as a building block for macromolecules
• What is an amino acid?

  A compound that is the building block of proteins
• What does metabolic mean?

  Set of chemical processes that occur in living organisms to maintain life
• What does catabolic mean?

  Break down of complex molecules into simple ones releasing energy
• What does anabolic mean?

  Creation of complex molecules from simple, required energy for growth and repair
• Surface area formula?

  6 x A
• Volume formula?

  Length x Width x Depth
• What is diffusion?

  Movement across a cell membrane form an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration
• What happens if the surface area to volume ratio is small?

  The movement of substances is slow and inefficient
• What happens if the surface area to volume ratio is large?

  The movement of substances is fast and efficient
• How does high SA:V ratio effect diffusion?

  It results in faster and more efficient diffusion rate