Zoology Chapter 1

• Zoology, or animal biology


  a field of biology that involves the study of animals.
• Zoology comes from the greek word?
• Logo


  “The study of”
• The microscope became commonplace in scientific research, and this opened up a whole new realm of possibility in what century?

  19th Century
• Who developed the theory of evolution by natural selection?

  Charles Darwin
• This theory revolutionized zoology and taxonomy

  Theory of evolution by natural selection
• He established the biomedical tradition and He was regarded as the “Father of Medicine”

  Hippocrates (450-370 BC)
• Considered as the founder of the science of

  Zoology; called the Father of Zoology

  Aristotle (384-322 BC)
• Regarded as the final authority on anatomical and physiological subjects during his time

  Galen (130 BC-200 AD)
• considered as the founder of modern

  anatomy

  Andreas Vesalius (1514-1564)
• First to describe blood circulation in 1616

  William Harvey (1578-1657)
• Considered mathematics as the language of science in 1633

  Rene Descartes (1596-1650)
• Discovered the lymphatic system in 1652

  Thomas Bartholin (1616-1680)
• Described the red blood cells in 1658


  Jan Swammerdam (1637-1680)
• Discovered cells in 1665

  Robert Hooke (1635-1703)
• considered as “Father of Microscopy”, he also discovered the protozoans in 1675-1680


  Anton van Leeuwenhoek (1632-1723)
• He introduced the binomial system of species

  classification in 1758

  Carolus Linnaeus (1707-1778)
• discovered oxygen as a gas released by plants

  during photosynthesis in 1774


  Joseph Priestley (1733-1804)
• introduced the concept of natural selection as

  a factor and not in evolution in 1859-1860

  Charles Darwin 1809-1882

  Louis Pasteur 1822-1895
• postulated the Wallace line of faunal

  delimitation in 1860

  Alfred Russel Wallace (1823-1913)
• introduced the concept of modern zoological

  classification in 1864

  Ernst Haeckel (1834-1919)
• formulated the first two laws of heredity in 1866

  Gregor Mendel (1822-1884)
• Also called descriptive zoology or zoogeography, is the study of animals and their habitats

  Zoography
• the study of similarities and differences in the anatomy of different types of animals

  Comparative anatomy
• the study of the bodily processes that occur in animals that allow them to maintain homeostasis and survive.

  Animal Physiology
• the ability of the body to maintain a relatively constant equilibrium even in a changing environment.

  Homeostasis
• the study of animal behavior, usually in regard to in their natural environment as opposed to in a lab.

  Ethology
• has roots in the work of Darwin, but emerged as a field in the 1930s.

  Ethology
• Emerged from ethology. It is the study of evolution as the basis for animal behavior due to ecological pressures.

  Behavioral ecology
• study of cell structure


  Cytology
• study of the features and the process of development of eggs after fertilization. It involves the study of the embryo till birth.

  Embryology
• study of the origin of animals, their heredity characteristics, and the adaptations they adapt to survive.

  Evolution
• Study of heredity

  Genetics
• Anatomical study of biological tissues

  Histology
• study of the shape, size, and structure of all living organisms.

  Morphology
• Branch of zoology in which we study fossils, ancient lives, plants, animals, and quatic animals.

  Paleontology
• study of the system of naming and classification of animals and other organisms.

  Taxonomy
• Study of mammals

  Mammalogy
• Popular type of mammalogy 


  Primatology
• Study of primates


  Primatology