[SCIENCE] Quarter 3_Central Nervous System

• • Receives and relays information about activities in the body 
  • Monitors and responds to internal and external changes
  • Master controlling and communicating

  Nervous System
• Function of nervous system where the neurons gets information from outside world and inside the body.

  Gather Information (Sensory Function)
• Function of nervous system where information travels to the processing area of the brain and spinal cord.

  Transmit the information
• Function of nervous system where the brain determine the best response.

  Processes information (Integrative Function)
• Function of nervous system where the body or brain respond correctly. This function is mainly for muscular contraction or glandular secretion. 

  Sends information to muscles, glands, and organs (Motor Function)
• • Receives and processes sensory information, initiates responses, stores memories, generates thoughts and emotions.

  Brain
• • Conducts signals to and from the brain, controls reflex activities.

  Spinal Cord
• • Connects brain and spinal cord.

  Brain Stem
• Neurons from CNS to muscles and glands.

  Motor Neurons
• Neurons from sensory organs to CNS

  Sensory Neurons
• • Voluntary movements

  Somatic Nervous System
• • Involuntary response

  Autonomic Nervous System
• • Fight or flight

  Sympathetic
• • Rest or digest

  Parasympathetic
• • Pass information between different parts of the body. (3 Types)

  Neurons
• • Support and protect neurons. Some examples are; Astrocytes, Oligodendrocytes, Microglia, Ependymal Cells

  Glial Cells
• • Provide structure and protection, form layers around the brain and spinal cord, and help control what goes in and out of the brain.

  Supporting cells and endothelial cells
• Help neurons and keep the right environment

  Astrocytes
• Make a protective layer around neurons.

  Oligodendrocytes
• Keep the brain clean and safe

  Microglia
• Help with fluid in the brain.

  Ependymal Cells
• • Specialized cells that carry messages throughout the nervous system.
  • Basic functioning unit of the Nervous System.

  Neurons
• The area/junction where 2 neurons come close enough

  Synapse or Synaptic Cleft
• • Branching extensions of the cell body that moves nerve impulses toward the cell body.

  Dendrite
• • Main processing center

  Cell Body or Soma
• • Single branch that moves nerve impulses away from the cell body.
  • Myelin sheath and neurilemma are coverings

  Axon
• 2 Functional Properties of Neurons

  Irritability and Conductability
• Ability to respond to stimuli

  Irritability
• Ability to transmit an impulse

  Conductibility
• Parts of Neurons

  Dendrite, Soma, Axon, Terminal
• Examples of Glial

  Astrocytes, Oligodendrocytes, Microglia, Ependymal Cells
• Three Types of Neurons

  Efferent, Afferent, Interneuron
• Conveys information from the CNS to muscles and glands

  Efferent (Motor)
• Carry information from sensory receptors to the CNS

  Afferent (Sensory)
• Carry and process sensory information

  Interneuron
• Type of tissue that holds and supports neurons together

  Neuroglia or Nerve Glue
• • Points of contact between neurons where information is passed from one neuron to the next.

  Synapse
• Drift away

  Diffusion
• Connected again

  Reuptake
• Sending cell

  Presynaptic